身体视角下的旅游体验——基于徒步游记与访谈的扎根理论分析

身体理论的发展为旅游体验本质的探究提供了新的可能，国内外的研究开始关注人的某些感官体验，但作为一个整体的身体还极少得到审视。在梳理相关文献的基础上，采用身体地理学视角，对收集的徒步旅行游记和访谈进行扎根理论分析，提炼出24个范畴、7个主范畴和1个核心范畴，据此建立旅游体验本质模型。结果表明，徒步旅游体验本质上是一种具身化生成实践，即旅游者通过具体身体的参与，与旅游情境深度融合，寻求个体完善与成长的对象性活动。具体包括身体意识的唤醒、身心的浸入、与他人和自然的共在以及个体的生成等四种体验类型。这些体验主要通过旅游者由身体痛苦到精神快乐的逆向选择、具有仪式象征意义的行为表演和面向自我的反思性观照三种典型路径达到。在此过程中，作为整体的身体解除了规训和压制，展现出生动鲜活的样貌，迈向持续的生成之域。

TOURIST EXPERIENCE ON A BODY PERSPECTIVE:GROUNDED THEORY ANALYSIS ON TREKKING WRITINGS AND INTERVIEWS

On the basis of literature review, the paper analyzed texts about trekking travel notes and interviews by Grounded Theory on the perspective of geography of body. Then the author built a tourist experience model on the basis of 1 core category, 7 main categories and 24 corresponding categories. The paper argued that the nature of tourist experience is a kind of embodied practice for becoming, namely it is person's object activity which immersed in the tourist situations by embodied participation for individual improvement and development. The experiences are composed of 4 styles in sequence:1)Arousing experience of body sense:People who have suffered pressures in everyday life entered into tourist world, then felt strong lived bodily existence of themselves by resisting social discipline, showing body technology and stimulate body consciousness. 2)Immersing experience of body-mind:In the process of body moving and sensing, travelers experienced staggered transformation between aesthetic pleasures and corporal pains, and between positive emotions and negative emotions, then immersed into the surrounding situations. 3)Co-presence experience with others and nature:Travelers gradually extended their boundaries of body until integrating themselves with trekking equipments, other people, and the nature. 4)Becoming experience of individual:It is a process of self-refreshing, self-development and self-creation by sharpening the mind and body, getting knowledge, and purifying souls in tourist world.