乡村绅士化进程中旅游型村落生活空间重塑特征研究——以北京爨底下村为例

作为乡村空间价值重现的重要形式,乡村绅士化在西方国家受到极大关注,而我国则鲜有研究。基于此,本文以乡村绅士化现象为主线,选取爨底下村为案例区,采用参与式评估法和质性访谈法,对人口结构、聚落形态、居住空间以及公共空间等绅士化表征空间进行深入剖析。研究发现,绅士化前后,生活空间发生重大变化,生活群体构成逐渐多样化,住宿价格飞涨,聚落空间的相似性被打破,居住空间逐步开放化,传统公共空间趋于退化或消失,当地村民面临被边缘化的风险,而这些变化是绅士化过程中多方力量相互作用的结果。

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LIFE SPACE REMODELING OF TOURISOM VILLAGE DURING RURAL GENTRIFICATION:THE CASE OF CUANDIXIA IN BEIJING

Rural gentrification is the rural space reconstruction process of the housing prices rising, population class polarization and cultural transformation, and so on, in which the middle class settling into the countryside with the experience of the rural environment, life style and traditional culture. Therefore, this paper takes Cuandixia village as the case, using Participatory Rural Appraisal and Qualitative Interview, based on the rural gentrification phenomenon and process analysis, dissects the remodeling characteristics and mechanism of the rural living space such as population structure, settlement patterns, and public space from a micro perspective. The results show that great changes have happened in the rural living space during the gentrification. First of all, the two factors which are the Continuing increasing of the tourist number and the villagers "periodic return" prompted the diverse of the life groups constitute, although it did not occur the "replacement" phenomenon like western countries, the diversity of population structure and the characteristics of spatial heterogeneity are consistent with the feature of population structure transition in the gentrification theory. Secondly, Modern commercial factors such as traffic, location gradually replace the Feng Shui conception, and become the key factors influencing the basic principles of rural settlement selection and spatial organization. Finally, the social function of the traditional public space tend to be degraded or disappear, and the local villagers face the risk of being marginalized.