Tropospheric gravity waves and their possible association with medium-scale travelling ionospheric disturbances |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan;2. Institute of Space Science, National Central University, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan;1. Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, CNRS-UPS-CNES, Toulouse, France;2. Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan;3. Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’environment et l’espace, Université Orleans-CNRS, Orleans, France;1. Max-Planck-Institute for Solar System Research, 37077, Göttingen, Germany;2. Rheinisches Institut fuer Umweltforschung, Abteilung Planetforschung, Cologne, Germany;3. Space Sciences Laboratory, U.C. Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA;4. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA;5. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, MD, USA;6. Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA;7. Institute of Space Research, Moscow, Russia;1. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1, Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan;2. Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;3. RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science, 7-1-26, Minatojima-minami-machi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan;1. ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network, Bangalore 560058, India;2. ISRO Satellite Center, Bangalore 560017, India;3. Department of Electrical Engineering, M.B.M. Engineering College, J.N.V. University, Jodhpur 342001, India;4. Department of Applied Mathematics, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad 826004, India |
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| Abstract: | Analysis of pressure fluctuations observed over a period of several days using an array of microbarographs has shown the existence of long trains of gravity waves with two or more waves often present simultaneously. Meteorological data from radiosonde ascents indicates that many of the waves have a velocity which matches that of the background wind at some level within the troposphere. Generally this height corresponds to that of a frontal zone marking the transition between air masses and it is suggested that the waves may have been generated by shear flow instability within the frontal layer. Theoretical considerations, based on a three-layer model troposphere, show that some of the observed waves could have been ducted in or near the frontal zone. Some evidence is found to indicate that a non-linear wave-wave interaction between pairs of waves occurring simultaneously in the frontal zone could yield secondary waves with the characteristics of the gravity waves which had been observed in the thermosphere at appropriate times and whose group paths were traced to source regions in the troposphere in the general vicinity of the microbarograph array. |
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