在危机中开创生机:评武周时期的逃户措施及其意义

武周后期户口大量逃亡,对社会经济带来很大的冲击.武则天从深远和实际的利益着手,突破常规,改变逃户的法律地位,采取积极的诱导和安抚,且辅佐刑令的宽猛相济、灵活合理的户口政策,使逃户得以复籍安身.武则天的逃户措施,是一场重大和影响深远的社会经济改革.它不但化解了逃户问题所可能引起的危机,还从危机中为日益困难的财政创造生机.它的成功经验为日后朝廷制定逃户政策带来了重要的启示.更值得重视的是,它也是中国古代专制王朝从用严刑峻法取缔逃户,发展到以彻底修改法令正式承认逃户合法性的一个重要过渡.

Creating Opportunities in the midst of Crises:An Assessment on Empress Wu Zetian's Measures against the Problem of Vagrancy

The social economy of the later Wu-Zhou Dynasty was seriously shocked by many households' escape. To alleviate the problem of vagrancy, Wu Ze tian adopted a series of flexible and practical measures. The Empress overrode the customary methods by allowing the illegal squatters to return to their original home or to be legally registered in the place where they had settled and continued to contribute taxes and labour services to the country. The implementation of the new policies was a major socio-economic reform, which created great opportunities in the midst of social crises, and also provided a strategic model for the succeeding govevnments in dealing with similar problems. More importantly, the new scheme reflected a transition in both mentality and methods of solving the problem. of vagrancy in ancient China from strict restriction on migration to legalization of vagrant households.