基于能量方法的江浙地区抬梁式及穿斗式传统民居木构件重要性分析

为研究中国传统木构建筑的结构构件重要性排序问题,以江浙地区抬梁式和穿斗式两种典型的传统民居木结构类型为研究对象,基于能量方法采用构件属性改变后对结构整体应变能的单位体积改变率作为构件重要性的评价指标,运用有限元软件Ansys(16.0)开发了基于生死单元法和改变弹性模量法的构件重要性评价程序。分析结果表明,改变弹性模量法更适用于中国传统木构建筑的结构构件重要性分析。通过对抬梁式和穿斗式的单榀框架和整体框架在竖向荷载、水平地震荷载两种工况下的结构构件重要性的计算分析,得到了构件的重要性系数和排序,并提取出了抬梁式和穿斗式传统木构的关键构件。研究结果可以为确定传统木构建筑遗产在修缮施工、维护以及结构健康监测过程中需要重点关注的构件提供科学合理的理论依据。

Evaluation of component importance of traditional timber structures based on energy method

To investigate the structural component importance of traditional Chinese timber structures, we took post-and-lintel and column-and-tie timber structures, two typical residential timber structures in Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas, as the research targets. Based on energy method, the change of unit volume towards the strain energy of the whole structure after component attribute alteration was employed as the component importance evaluation index. By the finite element software Ansys (16.0), an implementing procedure was developed to assess the component importance of traditional timber structures using the element birth-death method and altering elastic modulus method, respectively. The analysis results show that the altering elastic modulus method is more suitable for calculation and analysis of component importance of traditional timber structures. Through the component importance analysis of one single and the whole frame under the vertical loads and the horizontal seismic action, the component importance coefficient and the sorting results of post-and-lintel and column-and-tie timber structures were obtained and the key components of traditional timber structures were thus selected accordingly. In addition, the analysis results can provide a scientific and reasonable theoretical basis for the determination of critical components of traditional timber heritages in the process of maintenance and structural health monitoring.