电解法纸张脱酸研究

酸化是导致纸质档案、文物、图书等自毁的主要原因,现有脱酸方法实用性不强,需进行创新与突破。传统水溶液法,是一种常见的脱酸方法,具有对纸张安全、环境友好、操作简便、经济实惠、脱酸效果好的优点,也具有纸张浸泡处理时间长、脱酸速度慢的缺点。若能够克服其缺点,水溶液脱酸法会具有非常广泛的应用前景。本研究在传统水溶液法脱酸的基础上,利用酸化纸张湿润状态下与外加直流电源构成电解池的工作原理,采用电解法将纸张中的酸根离子移出,实现纸张快速脱酸。通过对比电解法与传统水溶液法对自然酸化纸张脱酸前后的外观与性能,探讨电解法的脱酸效果。结果表明,电解法可以有效地去除纸张中的酸根离子,降低纸张的酸度,既保留了传统水溶液脱酸简便可靠、绿色安全、成本低的优点,又克服了纸张长时间湿态导致的变形、膨胀的不足及工作效率低的缺点。

Research on deacidification of paper by electrolysis

Acidification is the main cause of self-destruction of paper files, cultural relics and books, etc. Since the existing deacidification methods are not that practical, innovation and breakthroughs are required. The traditional aqueous solution method not only does well in deacidification, but is safe to paper, environmentally friendly, easy to do and economical as well. Therefore, if its shortcomings could be overcome, this deacidification method may have broader prospects of application. In light of this, in our study we supplemented the traditional aqueous solution method of paper deacidification with electrolysis. The working principle is that acidified paper in a wet state and an external DC power source forms an electrolytic cell which quickly removes charged particles (e.KG-0.8mm]g.KG-1mm], protons) from the paper, achieving quick deacidification. After using the traditional aqueous solution method and the innovative electrolysis method to treat naturally acidified paper, we analyzed the appearances and properties of the paper before and after deacidification. The results show that the electrolysis method can effectively remove protons from the paper and reduce its acidity. The innovation not only is simple and reliable, green, safe and of lower cost than the traditional method, but also overcomes the problems including deformation, expansion and low work efficiency associated with the long-term wet state of paper.