几何形态测量在动物考古学中的应用:基本理论与方法

几何形态测量是一门将生物的形态量化并进行研究的学科,由生物学引入至动物考古学后,主要应用于动物牙齿和骨骼形态的测量与判定,近些年来,在物种鉴定、家畜起源等方面提供了更加科学、可靠的新思路与新成果。目前,我国动物考古学对几何形态测量的认识尚浅,应用也有待普及。因此,本文从几何形态测量的历史、特点、基础理论与实际操作等方面入手,概括介绍近些年来国际上该方法在动物考古学中的应用实例,并对这门新兴学科在中国的未来发展进行展望。

Application of Geometric Morphometrics in Zooarchaeology:Basic Theory and method

The Geometric Morphometrics is a science quantifying and studying biological morphology,it had been ap-plied principally on the measurement and identification of skeleton in zooarchaeology,and contributed a series of sci-entific and reliable results on the determination of species and the domestication of livestock.However,the Geometric Morphometrics has not been known systematically nor used regularly in chinese zooarchaeology.Therefore,the paper starts with history,specialties,basic theory and operations of Geometric Morphometrics,then introduces recent interna-tional researches applying this method,furthermore,offers expectations of application of Geometric Morphometrics in zooarchaeological studies in China.