加入WTO前我国工业发展战略的演变

加入WTO前,我国工业发展战略的演变,基本上是围绕着对外贸易战略、利用外资战略和产业结构战略的转变面展开的。我国的对外贸易战略具有由改革前的进口替代战略向出口导向战略转变的趋势,总体上仍处于有保护的出口促进战略的阶段;外资战略由限制外资战略向鼓励外资战略转变;而我国产业结构战略的转变,则是与工业化过程的演进和经济体制改革的推进相伴随的,大体上经历了1979-1988年扭转片面重工业化倾向、大力发展以轻工业为主的加工制造业的阶段,1989-1991年调整工业内部结构、控制一般加工工业发展、加强基础工业和基础设施的阶段,1992-2001年加快技术密集型产业发展、推动工业结构由高加工度化向技术集约化转变的阶段。这三种战略的转变不是孤立进行的,而是形成了一个相互影响、相互促进的有机整体,构成了我国扩大开放进程中工业发展战略演变的一条主线。

Evolution of China's Industrial Development Strategy Before Its Accession to the WTO

Before China's accession to the WTO,the Chinese strategy ot industrial development evolved around the strategies of foreign trade, use of foreign capital and industrial structure. The strategy of foreign trade and that of use of foreign capital were interrelated and interacted. The two strategies, while accelerating industrial growth, also gave an impetus to the adjustment and upgrading of industrial structure. As a cause and result of the strategies of foreign trade and use of foreign capital, the strategy of industrial structure also played a dominant and regulating role for the other strategies. The three strategies were, therefore, not isolated from one another, but formed an integrated organic whole and a thread running through the evolution of industrial development strategy in the process of widening the opening-up.