论二程的历史哲学

理学奠基人程颢、程颐从“天理”的角度对历史重新进行了深邃的思考，他们将一种本位价值——道德价值置于一切人类价值之上，把一切历史活动都放到道义的审判台上加以考察，通过对中国历史的再解释以说明伦理价值的普遍性、绝对性和至上性。不论是对历史学基本性质的反思、对历史人物的评价还是对历史规律的探寻和历史动因的认知，其理论基点与归宿都是融摄伦理规范的宇宙本体——“天理”，展现出一种成熟的历史哲学理论所具有的完整性。

On Two Chengs' Philosophy of History

Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi,both the founders of Neo-Confucianism,pondered deeply over history afresh from theangle of heavenly principles (T' ine-Li). Placing the inherent moral value before other human concepts,they meditatedupon historical actualities by bringing them all to the count of morality and justice. Thus,by reinterpreting the Chinesehistory, they finally illuminated universality,absoluteness and superiority of the value of ethics. Theoretically,their intro-spection on the basic nature of historiography,comments on the historical figures,inquiry about the law of the develop-ment of history,and even their cognition about its motivation are all unexcludedly based on and oriented toward the cos-mic noumenon,the heavenly principles that incarnate the criteria of ethos with presentation of some kind of integrity as aconsummate doctrine about the philosophy of history.