以青州为例看山东的可移动彩绘陶质、石质文物

近十几年来，青州陆续有龙兴寺佛教造像和香山汉墓彩绘陶俑出土。这些文物有一个共同特点，即彩绘保存较好，且数量很大。通过对山东其他地区出土的同类彩绘文物的色彩、纹饰等的统计，让我们对山东的彩绘陶质和石质文物的艺术特色有一个综合认识。陶质彩绘文物自大汶口文化时期出现，经历了由实用器到明器的转变，到两汉时期发展到高峰，中国雕塑的最大特色之一塑、绘结合成熟了，对其后的雕塑艺术产生了很大影响。隋唐以后，彩绘陶质明器渐渐走向衰落。目前彩绘石质文物在山东最早见于汉代画像石，在北朝时期的佛教造像上得到极大发展。继承了汉代陶俑塑、绘结合的雕塑形式，将外来的宗教艺术中国化了，其细腻的刻画，对形体比例的准且把握，使中国的雕塑艺术达到了一个高峰。

Research on Removeble Painted and Stone Relics in Shandong through the Relics of Qingzhou

Buddhist statues of Longxing temple and painted pottery figures from Han tomb in mountain Xiang were unearthed in succession in Qingzhou during ten years. These historical relics have a one common that is large number and well preserved color .we get a comprehensive knowledge to the art characteristic of painted pottery and stone sculptures in Shandong through statistics on the colors and patterns of relics in the other areas of Shandong. Painted pottery relics which found in Dawenkou Culture period experience the transform from practical objects to burial objects and reached its peak during Han dynasty. Painted pottery burial objects declined gradually after Sui and Tang dynasty. Painted stone relics was first found in the Han stone with designs and developed in the Buddhist sculptures in the Northern dynasty. It carried on the sculptural form that combine pottery and painting and get the religious art localized in China. Its exquisite carving and painting and the precise figure proportion which made the Chinese sculpture art reach its peak.