The politics of decentralizing national parks management in the Philippines |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Social Anthropology, School of Social Sciences, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia;2. School of Geography and Environmental Science, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia;3. Department of Geography, McGill University, 805 Sherbrooke Street, Montreal, PQ, Canada, H3A 2K6;1. Sankt-Petersburg State University, 199034 Universitetskaya naberezhnaya, 11, St. Petersburg, Russia;2. Scientific Research Institute of the Theory and History of Architecture and Urban Planning, branch of the “Central Scientific-Research and Project Institute of the Construction Ministry of Russia”, 105264 7-ya Parkovaya street 21a, Moscow, Russia;1. Robert Koch Institute, HIV and Other Retroviruses, Nordufer 20, 13353 Berlin, Germany;2. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Diabeteszentrum, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336 München, Germany;3. German Primate Center, Leibniz-Institute, Pathology Unit, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany;4. Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology and Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Hackerstraße 27, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany;1. Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Queensland, Australia;2. The Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City 1110, Philippines;1. Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Design and Architecture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;2. Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;1. Department of Geography, McGill University, 805 Rue Sherbrooke West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2K6, Canada;2. Department of Geography, University of Vermont, 200 Old Mill Building, 94 University Place, Burlington, VT, 05405-0114, USA;3. Environmental Studies Program, University of Colorado, Sustainability, Energy, and Environment Complex, 4001 Discovery Drive, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA;4. Department of Anthropology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;5. Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, NY, USA;6. Makerere University Biological Field Station, P.O. 409, Fort Portal, Uganda;7. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, ECOSUR, Avenida Rancho Poligono 2A, Lerma, Campeche, 24500, Mexico |
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| Abstract: | International donors and state bureaucrats in the developing world have promoted decentralization reform as the primary means to achieve equitable, efficient and sustainable natural resource management. Relatively few studies, however, consider the power interests at stake. Why do state agencies decentralize power, what political patterns unfold, and how do outcomes affect the responses of resource users? This paper explores decentralization reform by investigating the political processes behind the Philippine state's decisions to transfer authority over national parks management to local government units. Drawing on a case of devolved management at Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park, Palawan Island, we examine how political motives situated at different institutional scales affect the broader process of decentralization, the structure of management institutions, and overall livelihood security. We demonstrate how power struggles between the Philippine state and City Government of Palawan over the right to manage the national park have impacted the livelihood support offered by community-based conservation. We conclude that decentralization may offer empowering results when upper-level policies and political networks tie into sufficiently organized institutions at the local level. |
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