唐代公廨本钱制的几个问题

公廨本钱制是唐政府实行的一种主要的官营高利贷商业，起初有着借以削弱和控制富商的目的。高宗永徽、麟德之前，公廨本钱制实行于京师诸司，置本收息以充京官俸料。之后，自京师推广到各地诸府州县，并在安史之乱后进一步得到发展，呈现出本钱来源更加多样、息利用途更加广泛、因事灵活设置、规模不断扩大的显特点。在经营管理上，安史之乱以前，尚书省刑部之比部司及内外诸司勾官构成公廨本钱的行政管理系统。安史之乱后，比部系统的管理职能削弱，中书门下、御史台以及由宦官掌领的诸司诸使诸军纷纷染指公廨本钱，表现出多头共管、经常变动的显特点。

On Several Problems of Gong Xie Capital System in the Tang Dynasty

Gong Xie capital system was a main kind of usury commerce run by the Tang government. It had a purpose tocontrol and weaken the rich businessman in the beginning. Before Yonghui and Linde in the period of GaoZong emperor,Gong Xie capital system practiced by capital government institutions,after the period of Linde,it spreaded to local gov-ernment instituions from capital government instituions. On the runing and managing,before AnSHi rebellion,the BiBuinstitution and every local government auditor constructed the administration system of Gong Xie capital system. AfterAnSHi rebellion, the function of BiBu system had been weakened. At the same time, a lot of central instituions en-croached the managing of Gong Xie capital.