弱群心声：“出洋子弟勿相配”——珠三角侨乡歌谣中的出洋传统与家庭意识

随着鸦片战争后的出洋倾向,珠三角地区成为北美华人的祖籍家乡。北美六十多年的排华移民政策同时助长了当年珠三角侨乡的经济繁荣。然而,侨乡金山家庭物质富裕的表面,也掩盖了家庭分离中出洋者的谋生血泪和留守家里的金山妇的精神痛苦,对此华侨研究历史书上甚少记载或研究,却不加掩饰地生动地反映和保存在当年的妇孺民歌童谣里。本文以所收集到的新中国成立前的珠三角地区的妇孺民歌童谣为据,结合同时代在北美旧金山华人社区流传的粤讴体裁的＂金山歌＂作品,分析探讨了当年侨乡地方歌谣文化所反映的出洋传统、婚姻价值取向和留守家园的侨眷（妇孺）的生活形态、家庭意识及其不平则鸣的抗争声音。

Voices of Resistance and Subversion:Folksongs on Emigration and Family in the Pearl River Delta

Since the Opium Wars,emigrants from the Pearl River Delta had moved en masse to North America.Due to the Chinese Exclusion Acts（1882-1943） in America,these emigrants had maintained close ties with their ancestral homeland because their wives and young children were left behind.There have been very few,if any,studies on these women,the wives of the emigrants,whose home-bound existence created the upward economic development in the region with the continuous inflow of remittances for family maintenance and investments from North America.Through the study of folksongs and vernacular rhymes from both this region and the American Chinatown,this article examines the local societal perception of the American sojourn and the family relationship,especially the prolonged separation between the sojourning husbands and the home-staying wives.While the rhymes from both sides of the Pacific Ocean demonstrate correlating concerns for each other,these rhymes nevertheless reveal that the wives were the victims of institutional oppression.Unable to challenge or change their status quo,these local folksongs were their voice of subversive resistance in their protest and complaint of injustice overshadowed by the perception of having a good life with materialistic extravagance.