西域屯田预期嬗变的历史动因分析

屯田西域事关国家安全和发展的大局。从汉代至清代西域屯田的发展历程，国家对屯田西域的预期收益有一个嬗变过程：从最初经略西域的军事供给，到其后边疆安全与地区经济发展并重，以至于通过移民屯田与边疆经济开发保障边疆安全和社会稳定成为最重要的目标。国家作为实现屯田预期目标的主体，其综合实力和对西域的战略定位决定着屯田目标的实现程度。因此从国家战略、屯田形式和屯田区域等方面分析屯田西域预期嬗变的动因，对今天的国家西部发展战略有着借鉴意义。

Historical Dynamics Analysis of the Expectation Evolution of Tuntian in the Western Regions

Tuntian(farming operations by garrison forces in border areas) in the Western Regions is related to the overall situation of national security and development.All along its course of development from the Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty,there has been a process of evolution of the state’s expected returns:from military supply needed for governance and management of the Western Regions in the very beginning,to equal emphasis on both border security and regional economic development later on,right up to the point when guarantee of border security and social stability through migration,tuntian,and economic development in the border areas becoming the foremost target.The state as the subject that realizes tuntian’s expected targets,determines the level of realization of the tuntian targets through its comprehensive strength and its strategic positioning of the Western Regions.Therefore analysis of the dynamics of the expectation evolution of tuntian in the Western Regions through aspects such as national strategy,forms of tuntian,and regions of tuntian present lessons that can be borrowed for today’s national development strategy for the Western Regions.