Magnetic Sourcing of Obsidians in Southern South America: Some Successes and Doubts |
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| Institution: | 1. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia Catamarca, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca, Prado 366, San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, Provincia de Catamarca, Argentina;2. Facultad de Ingeniería/Agrarias-UNJU, Centro de Investigación y Transferencia CIT JUJUY, CONICET, M. Palanca 10, 460 San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina;3. Laboratorio de Palinología-Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias-UNJU, Instituto de Eco regiones Andinas (INECOA-CONICET), Alberdi 47, 4600 San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina;4. Instituto de Arqueología y Museo (FCNeIML, UNT), Instituto Superior de Estudios Sociales (CONICET/UNT), San Miguel de Tucuman, Argentina;1. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba (IDACOR) y Museo de Antropología, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Hipólito Yrigoyen 174, CP 5000 Córdoba, Argentina;2. Instituto de Antropología de Crórdoba (IDACOR) y Museo de Antropología, Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Hipólito Yrigoyen 174, CP 5000 Córdoba, Argentina;1. IFEG-CONICET, Medina Allende s/n, Cdad. Universitaria, Córdoba, Argentina;2. IDACOR-CONICET, Museo de Antropología, Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Hipólito Irigoyen 174, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina;3. University of Stavanger, Department of Petroleum Engineering, 4036 Stavanger, Norway |
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| Abstract: | Sourcing of archaeological obsidians is of great importance in unravelling the cultural, social and economic development of many ancient societies. Use of magnetic properties of obsidian fragments has been reported as a cheap, fast and versatile tool for these purposes. One hundred and seventy-six obsidians from archaeological sites and sources in Argentina and southern Chile were analysed magnetically using the weight-normalized intensity of JNRM (Intensity of Natural Remanent Magnetization), the intensity of JSIRM (Intensity of Saturation of Isothermal Remanent Magnetization) at 0·35 T and the bulk susceptibility. The method allowed identification of at least two different sources for archaeological materials found respectively to the north and south of the Lago Argentino, in SW Santa Cruz province, Argentina. Comparison of values from most samples in south and central Santa Cruz with those from a known source may lead to the interpretation that most of them belong to that source. In contrast, a critical analysis of the resolution of this using a larger than usual number of samples from three well distant obsidian sources in Argentina showed that two of the sources showed an almost complete overlapping of these three parameters, and all displayed a very large dispersion of values. This different result indicates that the magnetic sourcing of obsidians may not always have the resolution previously portrayed, but is applicable in certain localities. |
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