石寨山文化农业述略

以考古发现及既有研究成果为基础,可对战国秦汉时期滇池区域石寨山文化农业面貌进行讨论。石寨山文化有完整的农业技术体系。该文化居民有一套完整的以锄、铲、镰、斧等为代表生产工具体,且工具种类的使用具有倾向性,牛耕还尚未运用到农业生产中,稻、麦、粟复种的作物结构已形成,掌握一定的灌溉以及粮食储存技术,并且还可能有一套较为完整的农业仪式。

A Brief Study on Agriculture in Shizhaishan Culture

Shizhaishan culture is an archaeological culture centered on Dianchi Lake from the Warring States period to the Qin and Han dynasties.The excavations and studies in the past 60 years have provided rich materials for understanding the agricultural features of Shizhaishan culture.To explore the agricultural development level of Shizhaishan culture,this research tried to analyze all aspects of agriculture as a whole,including the types and usage of tools,the development and application of animal power,crop structure,grain storage technology and related farming rituals etc.Studies have shown that a complete agricultural technology system has been developed during the period of Shizhaishan culture,which is mainly reflected in the following aspects:agricultural tools are commonly unearthed,however the categories are more concentrated,and hoes,axes,sickles and shovels constitute the majority of production tools;the absence of plough and image of controlling ox in archaeological excavations indicate that ox plowing has not yet been applied to agricultural production;a crop structure of multiple cropping of rice,wheat and millet had been formed,especially rice and wheat;inhabitants at that time had already mastered certain techniques of irrigation and grain storage.Correspondingly,ritual images on the bronzes indicate that a relatively complete set of agricultural rituals had probably existed.