大佛真三维模型贴图方法初探

随着三维技术的发展,以数字城市为主的真三维景观建设已越来越贴近人们的生活。国内外许多科研机构进行了文物数字化的研究,但传统的文物重建多用于单个文物实体,在纹理采集、模型制作等方面制作时间长、经费需求高,无法大规模应用推广,不能满足文物真三维场景建设的需要。文物真三维景观建设的关键就是大型文物的真三维建设。而大型古文物结构复杂,测量数据量大,在纹理影射、后期成果组织等方面都相当复杂。为此,提出了一种基于三维激光扫描多边形模型快捷的贴图方法,并以彬县大佛寺主窟大佛重建为例,论述对于大型文物贴图的可行方案,实现建立大型文物的真三维模型,为文物真三维实体场景建设提供了供新的思路及技术方法。

Preliminary application of true three dimensional model on the mapping of the Big Buddha

With the development of three dimensional (3D) technologies, mapping cities based on digital information and constructing city landscapes has become increasingly close to people's life. Many domestic and foreign institutions are doing research on the digitalization of cultural relics. In the past, only single cultural relics could be reconstructed with the 3D technique. Time and funding was needed to collect surface texture information and to build the model. Therefore, the technique could not be applied to large scale models and could not be used for a 3D scene construction of cultural relics. True three-dimensional construction of major cultural relics is the key to the construction of three-dimensional cultural landscapes. But large artifacts usually have complex structures, with large amounts of measured data, therefore are rather complicated in terms of texture mapping and organization of results. For these reasons, this paper proposes a fast mapping method based on 3D laser scanning polygon, and uses the reconstruction of the Buddha sculpture in Dafosi (great Buddha temple) of Bin County as an example. Feasible schemes are discussed for making maps of large relics in order to achieve real 3D models of large artifacts. This experiment provides a new way of thinking and a technical method for construction of real scene artifacts using true 3D modeling.