中和堂的兴起、发展及其与兴中会、同盟会的关系

论文根据已获得的相关文献、档案，对兼具革命团体性质的秘密会党中和堂的兴起、发展及其与兴中会、同盟会的关系，进行了探讨和阐述。认为中和堂是革命推进的直接产物，随着革命形势的不断发展，它与兴中会、同盟会的关系或疏或密，其在革命中所发挥的作用也有所不同。香港中和堂（1897—1899）致力于联络秘密会党，重组革命力量；横滨中和堂（1898--1901）在特定时期内实际成为当地革命派活动的重要力量；新马中和堂的早期（1901--1906）努力，为当地革命运动和革命势力奠定了必要的基础。新马中和堂最终与同盟会分道扬镳，主要原因在于其散漫组织不适应革命斗争的需要。革命派联络中和堂的方式与致公堂有着明显不同，对此笔者也略作比较。

Rise and Growth of Zhong He Tang and Its Relationships with Hsing Chung Hui and Tung Meng Hui

Based on the relevant historical documents and previous scholarly works,the author of this article has tried to recount the story of an Overseas Chinese secret society,Zhong He Tang,its role in the 1911 revolution,and its relationships with revolutionary organizations,Hsing Chung Hui and Tung Meng Hui.The author credits Hong Kong Zhong He Tang with helping the revolutionaries regroup after the failure of the Guangzhou uprising,praises Yokohama Zhong He Tang for its efforts in rallying local revolutionaries against reformists,and ascribes the early revolutionary enlightenment of the overseas Chinese in Nanyang to Singapore and Malaya Zhong He Tang.As for the later estranged relationship between Zhong He Tang and other revolutionary organizations,the author attributes it to the undisciplined nature of the secret society that failed to meet Sun Yatsen’s high expectations.