中世纪研究在美国的建立及其早期风格

自19世纪70年代以来,美国的中世纪研究开始形成较为完整的知识与话语体系,亨利·亚当斯、赫伯特·亚当斯以及乔治·亚当斯在这个过程中扮演了重要角色。在早期建设阶段,业余学者和专门学会成为了推动学术发展和学科专业化的主要参与者,大学培养模式则主要受德国和法国的影响。到20世纪30年代,美国的欧洲中世纪研究形成了重视教科书写作、在对欧洲中世纪历史理解中的他者性和继承性相互叠加、宏大视野与碎片化研究相互交织等特色。这些早期风格塑造了美国中世纪研究的核心范式,同时也对20世纪中期以来国际中世纪史学界的发展产生了深远影响。

The Establishment of Medieval Studies in America and Its Early Style

Since 1870 s,medieval studies in America have begun to form an increasingly comprehensive system of knowledge and discourse,Henry Adams,Herbert Adams and George Adams played significant roles in this process.In its early stages of construction,amateur scholars and specialized associations became major players in advancing academic development and discipline specialization,and the university training model was mainly influenced by Germany and France styles.By the 1930 s,medieval studies in the United States demonstrated the characteristics of the emphasis on textbook writing,the mixture feelings of otherness and inheritance,the combination of grand vision and fragmented research.These early styles constructed the core paradigm of American’s medieval studies,and had great influences on international academia from the middle of the twentieth century.