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The global distribution of ionospheric small-scale irregularities from topside sounding data
Institution:1. Physics Research Institute of Rostov University, Rostov-on-Don, 344104 Russia;2. IZMIRAN, Troitsk, Moscow Region, 142092 Russia;1. Space Operations and Astronaut Training, German Aerospace Center (DLR e.V.), Muenchener Straße 20, D-82234, Weßling, Germany;2. Institute for Communications and Navigation, German Aerospace Center (DLR e.V.), Muenchener Straße 20, D-82234, Weßling, Germany;3. Tesat-Spacecom GmbH & Co. KG, Gerberstraße 49, D-71522, Backnang, Germany;1. Institute of Atmospheric Physics CAS, Bocni II/1401, 14131 Prague 4, Czech Republic;2. Institute of Space Science, National Central University, Chung-Li 320, Taiwan;1. Leipzig Institute for Meteorology, Universität Leipzig, Stephanstr. 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;2. Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;3. Beijing National Observatory of Space Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;4. University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;5. Department of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Engineering, Military Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh;6. National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Science, Cairo, 11769 Egypt;7. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Haystack Observatory, Westford, MA 01886, USA
Abstract:This paper examines the global distribution of electron density irregularities with scales of the order of several tens to hundreds of meters in the ionosphere by using topside sounder data from the COSMOS-1809 satellite obtained in May–June and December 1987. The diffuse traces of Z-waves on topside ionograms in a frequency band just below the upper hybrid resonance are used for diagnostics. These traces are attributed to the scattering of sounder-generated ordinary and slow extraordinary mode waves.
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