农村居民点空间格局演变及效应研究评述

农村居民点空间分布及其格局演变受到区域自然、社会、经济及历史发展等多重因素的综合影响,是反映人地关系的"真实写照";通过梳理农村居民点用地规模、空间分布、结构体系、景观格局及其驱动机制,进一步归纳总结农村居民点空间格局演变反馈效应及其研究内容框架。本文通过文献综述法和归纳总结法,从农户生计转型、乡村社会关系重构、资源环境问题以及景观生态等方面梳理出农村居民点空间格局演变及效应研究的5个核心问题。从资源效应、环境效应、经济效应、社会效应和生态效应5个方面构建其互馈效应体系和研究内容框架。

RESEARCH ON EVOLUTION AND ITS EFFECTS OF RURAL RESIDENTIAL LAND' SPATIAL PATTERN

Rural resident is the carrier of rural population spatial distribution. Rural residential spatial distribution and its morphology evolution are the comprehensive reflection of the adaptation between human and regional natural-geographical conditions, economic-social conditions, which are the main contents and research focus in the field of rural settlement geography. Rural residential spatial distribution and its morphology evolution are influenced by multiple factors combining natural, social, economical and historical elements, which can reflect the relationship between human and land system. This paper would make a further study to sum up the feedback effects and research framework of rural residential spatial pattern evolution in the way of sorting out the reference materials that related to rural residential land scale, spatial distribution, structure system, landscape pattern and its driving mechanism. The results could be shown as follows:five core issues of rural residential spatial pattern evolution process and its effects would be sorted out from the following aspects:transformation of household livelihood, reconstruction of rural social relations, resource and environmental problems, and landscape ecology. The conclusion of this study could be summed up that five aspects, which are resources effects, environmental effects, economic effects, social effects and ecological effects, should be considered to construct the feedback effects and research framework of rural residential spatial pattern evolution. Research on the five feedback effects generated by spatial pattern evolution of rural resident should be improved from the following aspects, the technical method could be used in the study is comparably comprehensive which combines econometric, quantitative geography and "3S" space analysis technique in the future research.