20世纪50年代中国社会主义探索中的矛盾及其逆转之原因

中国20世纪50年代中期对社会主义道路的探索从具有社会主义本质特征的制度层面来看,集中体现于陈云在中共八大发言中提出的“三个主体、三个补充”。由于八大仍把消灭资本家所有制和个体劳动者所有制的残余规定为党要继续实现的任务,这就使当年的探索没能摆脱苏联模式的框架,探索也因此中断以至逆转。中共十一届三中全会以后是邓小平首先从社会主义模式的角度提出问题,全党才得以摆脱苏联模式的理论和框架的影响,从而逐步摸索和确立了中国特色社会主义的基本框架。

The Causes of the Contradictions and Reversals in China's Exploration of the Socialist Path during the 1950s

China's exploration of the socialist path in the 1950s was,viewed from the perspective of the fundamental institutional features of socialism, expressed in a distilled form in the Three Principal Parts and Three Complements proposed by Chen Yun at the 8th Party Congress. Because the 8th Congress made eradicating the remnants of capitalist and individual ownership one of the Party' s continuing tasks, this exploration was unable to escape from the Soviet model and was subsequently interrupted and stalled. After the 3rd Plenum of the 11th Central Committee, Deng Xiaoping again raised the question of the socialist model, and only then was the Party able to escape from the influence of the Soviet model and steadily explore and establish the basic framework of socialism with Chinese characteristics.