古代斯巴达的土地占有稳定性研究

古代斯巴达的土地占有在较长时间内保持了比较平均和公正的格局。究其原因在于,古代斯巴达土地制度中包括了稳定性因素和不稳定性因素。稳定性因素包括限制土地买卖和馈赠,控制家庭规模和继承人数量的婚姻生育制度等,不稳定性因素主要有土地一经授出不再收回、土地的可继承性和继承时的析产继承等。在早期,稳定性因素较好地发挥了特殊的历史作用。但是,稳定性因素本身存在诸多的缺陷,并不能保证土地占有的长期稳定,随着历史环境的变化,自公元前4世纪,斯巴达土地开始迅速向少数人手中集中。

On the Stability of Land Tenure in Sparta

It's well known that the land tenure remained relatively equal and just in ancient Sparta during a long period.There are both stable elements and unstable ones in Spartan land tenure system that underlay the framework.The stable ones comprise systems such as restricting the transaction,inheritance and alienability of land,controlling the family scale and the number of the inheritors.Whereas,the unstable ones cover un-resuming the distributed land,land inheritability and partible inheritance.Although the sta...