Disturbances in the lower ionosphere caused by a low altitude nuclear explosion |
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| Institution: | 1. Wuhan Institute of Physics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China;2. Communication Institute, Chinese Electronic System Engineering, Beijing, China;1. West Department of Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation, RAS, 236035 Kaliningrad, Russia;2. Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia;1. Institute of Atmospheric Physics CAS, Bocni II/1401, 14131 Prague 4, Czech Republic;2. Institute of Space Science, National Central University, Chung-Li 320, Taiwan;1. Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, 380009, India;2. Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), Campina Grande, Brazil;3. National Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Gadanki, 517112, India;4. Regional Remote Sensing Center (RRSC), Nagpur, India;5. Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, Navi Mumbai, 410218, India;6. Department of Physics, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 530003, India;7. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil;1. Environment and Chemical Engineering College, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China;2. Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 200030, China;3. Tianjin Richsoft Electric Power Information Technology Co., Ltd, State Grid, Tianjin, 300384, China |
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| Abstract: | Observations of the lower ionospheric disturbance caused by a low altitude nuclear explosion are presented. A forward scatter radar, frequency 41 MHz, power 2.5 kW, was used to study these disturbances. The first radar scattering signal consisting of three peaks appeared 40 s after the explosion. It was due to early ionization by delayed y-rays. The second kind of disturbance generated after 190 s was clearly different from the first. The scattering signal had a constant component which indicated a strong specular reflection. The field strength increased by more than 20 db. This disturbance was produced by the direct shock wave. The third kind of disturbance began after 8 min, lasted 5.0 min, and was probably dominated by the fireball/smoke cloud oscillation when it reached its stabilization altitude and approached hydrodynamical equilibrium with the ambient atmosphere. Using numerical computation techniques, we have explained the above results well. |
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