商品经济与明清以来福建自然环境的变更

福建原是南方蛮荒地带 ,境内覆盖着漫山遍野的亚热带雨林。明清时期 ,随着商品经济的发展 ,开矿、种植玉米、茶叶等山地作物 ,以及对燃料的需要 ,造成福建地区森林的大面积采伐 ;但古代闽人早已认识到山林资源对经济发展的重要性 ,他们以种竹、种杉等经济活动 ,抵消了山林资源的消耗。他们并以“风水”为理由 ,保护了大片原始森林。然而 ,迄至清末民国时期 ,社会的无序化 ,造成对森林采伐的无序化 ,于是 ,福建的森林资源遭受到极大的破坏 ,经济发展也受到遏制。这种状况 ,迄今没有重大改观

Changing of Natural Environment with Development of Commodity Economy in Fujian since the Ming-Qing Dynasties

As a rough and barren area in the south of china in the past, Fujian was covered with subtropics rain forest all over the mountains and plains. But the people opened up massive primeval forests with the development of commodity economy in the period of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, combined with the activities such as: mining, planting corn, tea and other mountain crops, as well as consuming of fuel, etc. Having already realized the importance of forest reserves,which plays a great role in the development of economy, the ancient people of Fujian planted bamboos, firs, and so on, against the consumption of woods. And they even protected massive virgin forests with the reason of “geomantic omen”.However, from the end of the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, the disorderliness of society created the disorderliness in the forest cutting. From then on, the forest reserves in Fujian has been exposed to a disaster destroy, which made the development of Fujian economy keep within limits. Up to now, this situation has not yet been changed, left unsaid to have a great change in protection of the forests in Fujian.