Balloon measurements of stratospheric ion conductivities over the tropics |
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| Institution: | 1. Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India;2. Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies, Potsdam, Germany;3. Institute for Environmental Sciences and Geography, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany;1. FCIPT, Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382 428, India;2. Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400 094, India;3. Surface Physics and Material Science Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata 700 064, India;1. Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) – Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, 741246, India;2. Centre for Climate and Environmental Studies, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) – Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, 741246, India;3. School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China;4. Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China;5. School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India;1. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Punjab, India;2. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India;3. Atmospheric Sciences Division, Space Applications Center, ISRO, Ahmedabad, Gujrat, India |
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| Abstract: | Conductivity measurements of negative and positive ions were made from about 20 to 35 km by two identical balloon-borne spherical probes at Hyderabad (17.5°N, 78.6°E), India on 22 April 1989 and 22 December 1990. One balloon was launched at 0158 h IST (Indian Standard Time) which reached its ceiling around 0330 h IST. After that time, it floated for about 3 h, 1.5 h before sunrise and 1.5 h after sunrise. Thus it gave data for both day- and night-time conditions at float altitude. The other balloon was launched at 0535 h IST. It gave data for daytime only. Several interesting results have been obtained at the float altitudes. During the night, in the flight of 22 April 1989 the conductivity values of positive ions were found to be about 1.5 times those of negative ions at the float altitude. During the day, in the flight of 22 April 1989, the positive ion conductivity values were found to increase with the increase of solar elevation angle at around 37.5 km altitude. The negative ion conductivity values, however, did not show any day-night variation. In the flight of 22 December 1990, these features were not seen. Instead, a pocket was found where conductivity values were very high (of the order of 10−11 mho m−1) at an altitude of about 32.5 km. Also in this flight, the positive ion conductivity was always found to be approximately equal to that of the negative ion conductivity. |
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