Some effects in the middle atmosphere due to lightning |
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| Institution: | 1. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Colima, Carretera Colima-Coquimatlán km 9, 28400 Coquimatlán, Colima, Mexico;2. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, c/Profesor García González 1, 41012 Seville, Spain;3. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Colima, c/Bernal Díaz del Castillo 340, 28045 Colima, Mexico;1. Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;2. School of Management Engineering, Xi''an University of Finance and Economics, Xi''an 710100, China;3. Department of Geography, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;4. Ningbo Zhenhai District Meteorological Bureau, Ningbo 315012, China;5. Geographic Science College, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;1. KiDs (Kimberlites and Diamonds), School of Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Victoria, Australia;2. ARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems and GEMOC, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, 2019, NSW, Australia;1. State Key Laboratory of Power System, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;2. School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;3. University of Applied Sciences of Western Switzerland (HES-SO), 1400 Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland;4. Electromagnetic Compatibility Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland;5. Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Bologna, Italy |
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| Abstract: | A brief review is given of some of the electrodynamic responses of the middle atmosphere to lightning. Attention is focused on the precipitation of energetic electrons from the magnetosphere, due to whistler mode electromagnetic waves. The secondary ionisation and bremsstrahlung radiation created, and some of the ways in which such effects can be detected, are also considered. Finally, the possibilities of positive feedback mechanisms operating between the atmosphere and the magnetosphere are investigated. |
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