The lightning HF radiation at 3 MHz during leader and return stroke processes |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China;2. Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disaster (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China;3. Aviation Meteorological Center, Air Traffic Management Bureau, Civil Aviation Administration of China, Beijing, China;4. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;5. CMA-FDU Joint Laboratory of Marine Meteorology and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction, Shanghai, China,;6. Naqu Meteorological Service, Naqu, China;1. Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune, India;2. AI Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory, St. Petersburg, Russia |
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| Abstract: | Simultaneous recordings of the broadband electric field and HF radiation at 3 MHz were obtained at times before and after the onset of first and subsequent lightning strokes. Data are presented for several hundred negative ground flashes observed in Sri Lanka within a range of 40 km over the land and sea. The stepped leader gave rise to strong 3 MHz radiation, but the peak amplitude of the radiation was less than that of the return stroke. In the return stroke phase, 3 MHz radiation was strongest at the beginning of the first return stroke and gradually decayed completely. The mean duration of the 3 MHz continua of 346 first strokes was 190 μs (S.D. = 69 μs). In about 99% of the cases 3 MHz radiation in the return stroke phase was accompanied by a burst of multitudinous, fine oscillatory pulses on the broadband electric field. Subsequent strokes, in general, had no 3 MHz radiation in their return stroke phases. |
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