Periodic and quasiperiodic VLF emissions |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Fluent Europe Ltd, Hutton''s Buildings, 146 West Street, Sheffield S1 4ES, U.K.;2. The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu Tokyo 182, Japan;1. National Institute of Natural Hazards, The Ministry of Emergency Management of China, Beijing, China;2. Institute of Disaster Prevention, Sanhe, Hebei, China;1. Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, V Holesovickach 2, 180 00 Prague, Czech Republic;2. University of Texas at Arlington, Texas, TX 76019, USA;3. Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bocni II 1401, 141 31 Praha 4, Czech Republic;4. National Central University, Institute of Space Science, 300 Jhongda Road, Jhongli, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan;1. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics of Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1(2), Leninskie gory, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation;2. Faculty of Physics of Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1(2), Leninskie gory, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation;3. Computer Science Department, Bryansk State Technical University, Bryansk, Russian Federation;1. Department of Fluid Machinery and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 28 West Xianning Rood, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, PR China;2. Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK;1. Physics Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;2. Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117551, Republic of Singapore |
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| Abstract: | A review of periodic and quasiperiodic VLF emissions observed at ground-based stations and in the Earth's magnetosphere is presented. Emissions with periods below 10 s are divided into three main groups: periodic emissions, hisslers and pulsing hiss, while the quasiperiodic emissions with periods above 10 s are divided into two main groups: QP1, which are definitely related to geomagnetic pulsations, and QP2, which are not obviously related to them, based on ground observations. However, it is pointed out that all types of quasiperiodic emissions with periods over 10 s observed onboard satellites show some association with geomagnetic pulsations which suggests that both QP1 and QP2 can have similar mechanisms for their generation. Different approaches to the theoretical modelling of periodic and quasiperiodic emissions are discussed. |
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