“生态环境”用语产生的特殊时代背景

本文随着地理学家黄秉维院士的回顾,对1980-1982年五届全国人大宪法修改过程中,将草案中的“生态平衡”改为“生态环境”一词、并写入宪法的过程,再现出来予以分析讨论,认为“生态环境”概念提出的背景是全球和中国谋求环境保护事业发展的时代潮流,侧重的是人民生存于其中的自然环境的生态质量,具有积极的社会昭示作用和教育意义,不宜仅从学理上认为“生态环境”的提法有错,因为真实的世界往往比学者头脑中的理论思维更精彩。学术界于2005年5月展开的对“生态环境”、“生态环境建设”概念的研讨,贡献了许多真知灼见,然而,从“生态环境”一词在人大常委会产生过程的基本事实判断,它属于具有相对独立性的政府用语(法定名词),而非严格的科技名词,主要使用于国家行政管理层面,而学术研究中则主要是尊重学者自己的理解和创作。至于如何健全政府用语、消除政府不当用语在国家社会生活中可能带来的负面影响,正是学术界应该积极探讨的问题。

Special Background of How the Expression "Eco-environment" Coming into Being

In accordance with Geographer Huang Bingwei’s retrospect, this paper analysed the process of the word “eco-environment” changed from “ecological balance” was writing into The Constitution of Chian from the draft, during the 5th People’s Congress of China of 1980-1982. The background of the concept eco-environment coming into being is the current of times for the whole world and China chasing the development of environment protection. It lays special emphasis on ecological quality which people survive themselves, has effective function and educational sense to the public. Comparatively speaking, the real world is more excellent than theories in the experts’ mind, so it’s not just proper to seek fault from the scientific principle. Although the discussion of the concepts “eco-environment ”and “eco-environment building ” in academic world in May 2005 contributed a lot understandings, the fact that it was proposed in the Standing Committee of the People’s Congress indicates it falls into official items, not into strictly technological ones, which are always employed in states administration. While respecting the comprehensions of scholars, the academic world should works more on how to amplify official items and to eliminate the negative influence on the society caused by such words.