文物修复用脱色剂对手工纸耐久性的影响

在文物保护与修复工作中,需要对纸张进行脱色处理以除去部分顽固污渍、霉斑。本研究选取了六种不同类型的脱色剂,探究脱色处理对宣纸、皮纸、竹纸等几类传统手工纸样老化后各项理化性能的影响,揭示了各类脱色剂对不同纸种耐久性影响存在较大差异。研究表明,氧化性脱色剂与还原性脱色剂均会使纸张各项理化性能出现一定程度的下降。整体上,使用的脱色剂氧化性越强,纸张微观纤维受损越严重,脱色前后宏观性能下降幅度越大,而还原性脱色处理对纸张各项理化性能影响较小。在纸质文物修复脱色时,选择合适的脱色剂,可以有效减小文物损伤。

Influences of decolorizers used for cultural relic restoration on the durability of handmade paper

In the conservation and restoration of cultural relics, paper needs to be decolorized to remove some stubborn stains and mildew. Six different types of decolorizers were selected to explore the effects of the decolorizing treatment on the physical and chemical properties of several traditional hand-made paper samples (such as rice paper, leather paper and bamboo paper) after aging. It was revealed that there were great differences in the effects of various decolorizers on the durability of different paper types. Both oxidizing and reducing decolorizers influenced the physical and chemical properties of the paper samples. Different decolorizers have diverse effects on the long-term durability of paper. In general, decolorizers with strong oxidation can cause serious damage to fiber materials, and reducing decolorization has limited influences on the physical and chemical properties of paper. In the process of necessary decolorization of paper relics, selecting the appropriate decolorizer according to the characteristics of paper itself can effectively reduce the damage.