在海陆复合生态系统理论框架下:浅谈人地关系系统中海洋功能的介入

随着社会生产力的提高,人类认识和干预自然的能力逐渐增强,人地关系也随之向广度和深度发展。在人地关系发展初期,人与陆地之间的相互作用强度远大于人与海洋之间的相互作用,而人地关系发展至今天,"地"的概念已经扩展到陆地和海洋的总体。本文首先阐述海陆复合生态系统理论,在此基础上分析海洋功能介入到原本主要以陆地为基地的人地关系系统中的机制问题。文章认为,海陆生态系统的进化、系统开放性所决定的物质能量和信息的交流以及人类需求的拉动都可能解释海洋功能对人地关系系统的介入。

IN THE THEORY FRMAEWORK OF THE SEA-LAND COMPOUND ECOSYSTEM:ON THE INTERPOSITON OF MARINE FUNCTION INTO THE MAN-LAND SYSTEM

With the constant rise of the productivity, the ability to understand and impact nature is consequently increased, which leads to the expansion and deepening of the man-land interaction. At the early stage of the development of man-land relationship, the interaction between man and land was more intensive than that between man and sea. This paper firstly expounds the theory of sea-land compound ecosystem.The sea-land compound ecosystem is an ecosystem which integrates society,economy and nature,SENCE in short.Natural environment is the basis of SENCE, the flow of substance, its life line, and the regime of society, its web of vein. Only by combining the sea and the land, can the whole sea-land ecosystem and the separate ones as well function the best. It is inevitable that the sea shifts from the stage of being a socially isolated ecosystem to a stage of being integrated by land ecosystem. Each open system, no matter what size, must interact with environment in the aspects of substance, energy and information. As for individual systems, sea and land ecosystems must have been interacted with each other in every way. It leads to the interaction between man and the sea. The exploration and exploitation of the sea by mankind is part of the global ecological process, and it is consistent with the laws of evolution of the society and the nature as well. The component of mankind is the most active factor in the whole man-land system. Human activities exert influence on every area of the sea-land compound ecosystem, which is part of the man-land system. It is safe to say that the demand of man for food, water and other necessity or even luxury product is one of the driving forces for the development of the present sea-land ecosystem. While the resources on the land are getting scarce, the sea is inevitably included in the chain of supply by mankind. Being aware of the relationship between mankind and the sea, and, we must keep the lessons from the past in mind that man must live in harmony with sea. We must pursue the purpose of sustainable development while exploiting the marine resources.