《水经》周水、存水考

由于《水经》、《汉书.地理志》、《水经注》对周水、存水、刚水记载简略,加之这一地区多岩溶地形,河流常常变成地下河,导致历代志书在今柳江、红水河流域指代三河不一。实际上三河各有所指,周水即今广西龙江一段;存水即今龙江,而非源于犍为郡县境;刚水或与周水为同一水,或为红水河下游,而非今柳江上源都柳江。

The Study of Zhou River , Cun River in River Classics

About Zhou River, Cun River, Gang River, there were some brief records in River Classics,“the Geographical Records” of the Han History and River Classics of Annotation. In addition that this area was lava terrain, the rivers usually become underground rivers. So the Geographical Records in past dynasties didn’t denote the same rivers as those three in the drainage area of Liu River and Hongshui River nowaday. Actually the three rivers were not the same rivers. Zhou River was a section of Long River in Guangxi Province. Cun River was Long River in Guangxi,not from Cunma of the Jianwei eparchy in Han dynasty. Gang River might be the same river as Cun River, or mighy be the lower section of Hongshui River. But it wasn’t Duliu River,the up section of Liu River.