关中中心聚落地域结构的形成与演变

本文论述了关中地区县级以上中心聚落体系的形成与地域结构的演变过程。指出:关中地区中心聚落体系的真正形成是以秦推行郡县制为标志,到秦统一已基本形成完整的首位城市与县级聚落二级制体系。从东汉开始,关中中心聚落的等级结构则由二级逐渐变为三级制;中心聚落在空间分布上,表现为由沿渭河两岸的密集型向政治色彩较浓的区域均衡化转变,唐以后则向以经济为主的工商城市体系转变。此外,作为首位城市的西安(长安)城,在城市地域结构上也有变化,最显著的是政权中心区与市场区的区位空间发生了几乎完全相反的变化。

THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL STRUCTURE OF KEY SETTLEMTNTS IN GUANZHONG AREA

The paper discusses the formation and regional structure development of the key settlement pattern above county level in Guanzhong Area. It points out that the real formation of key set tlement pattern in Guanzhong Area was marked by the county system practised by Qin dynasty, and this pattern had formed completely a two levels system including the primary city and county level settlements until the unification of Qin Dynasty. From East Han Dynasty on, rank structure of key settlements in Guanzhong Area developed gradually from two levels to three levels; in spatial distribution, the key settlement pattern show changes from concentration along Weihe River to political regional balance, and changes to the industrial and commercial city after Tang Dynasty. Also, being the primary city, Xi'an (Chang'an) had changed in the regional structure, of which the most notable was the oppsite change in spatial site of political power core and market area.