《禹贡》五服的考古学观察

《禹贡》五服制度实质是指以王城所在地为中心、从内到外可以划分为三个大圈:内圈是甸服,是王畿之地;中圈包括侯服和绥服,是大小诸侯所在地;外圈在最外边,包括要服和荒服。五服制度的实质是以理想化的图式描绘出一幅中央与地方及四邻的相互关系的网络图。这三大圈恰好与龙山时代考古学文化分布格局基本吻合。可见,《禹贡》五服制度不会是古人的臆说,而是曲折地反映着龙山时代中原与四邻的相互关系。

Archeological Study on Wufu System Recorded inYu Gong

The essential of the Wufu system in Yu Gong is the three circles classified from inner to outer centered capital: the inner circle is Tianfu, which is capital circumference; the medium circle is Houfu and Suifu, which is the leuds domain; the outer circle is Yaofu and Huangfu. The essential of Wufu system is a map which describes the mutual relations among the state, local governments and circumference based on the Utopian mode. The three circles happen to tally with the distributing situation of Longshan culture. So the system is not an imagination, but reflects the mutual relations between the Central Area and the circumference.