日本在伪满统治中的“自治派”与“统制派”

近代日本侵略统治伪满的思想与政策并非铁板一块,它至少存在着两个派系:既有利用“以满制满”、自治主义为手段的“自治派”,也有追求中央集权、统制主义的“统制派”。前者倾向于自下而上的自治主义,不断在地方上推进“县自治”与“保甲制”,以图在“自治”的名义下利用华人对各地展开实际操控并向上层扩大;而后者则倾向于自上而下的统制主义,期望削弱地方的权能,构建并强化“总务厅中心主义”等中央集权性政策,将伪满彻底地属国化、殖民地化。两者之间既有摩擦,也有配合,共同统一在了日本帝国主义侵略我国东北、奴役东北人民的大目标之下。

The Autonomous Faction and the Centralized Faction during Japan's Domination of Manchukuo

In Manchukuo,the aggressive thoughts and the policy of the Japanese aggressors were not unanimous.At least two factions existed in Manchukuo,including‘the Autonomous Faction’which took‘Autonomism’as its policy and‘the Centralized Faction’which pursued to fulfil the centralism.The former intended to establish‘County-level Autonomy’and‘Baojia System’in the local administration in order to control the local organization firstly and expand it to the central government eventually.The latter,on the other hand,attempted to weaken the local organization's authority and strengthen the function of‘Ministry of Public Management’for the purpose of fulfilling the colonization in Manchukuo.Nevertheless,it cannot be denied that these two factions shared the same aggressive imperial essence at that time.