深圳铁仔山古墓群出土铜器腐蚀情况研究

受深圳地区海洋气候及土壤环境影响,铁仔山古墓群出土铜器锈蚀情况严重。为了给后续的保护修复处理提供科学依据,需研究出土铜器锈蚀情况。为此,通过硝酸银定性分析、X射线荧光能谱分析、拉曼光谱分析等手段,对其表面锈蚀物进行综合分析。结果表明,该批铜器矿化严重,其锈蚀成分以孔雀石为主。其中一件铜器表面锈蚀物中含有氯磷钠铜矿,这在潮湿地区土壤环境出土的铜器中较为少见。此外,在另一件铜器表面锈蚀物中还发现疑似纳米SnO2成分。实验结果可对该批铜器的保护修复处理提供有力的理论依据和数据支持,并为深圳地区出土的其他青铜类文物的保护提供参考。

Study of the corrosion of bronzes from the ancient tombs of Tiezaishan in Shenzhen

Due to the marine climate and the soil environment of the Shenzhen area, the bronzes in the ancient tombs of Tiezaishan seriously corroded. In order to provide the scientific information for further conservation, the degree of corrosion of these unearthed bronzes was studied. Silver nitrate analysis, Xray fluorescence spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy were employed to study the patinas on these bronzes. The results show that the main composition of patinas is malachite (CuCO₃·Cu(OH)₂). Sampleite (NaCaCu₅(PO₄)₄Cl·5H₂O) is also discovered on one bronze, which is rare in bronzes buried in moist soil environments. Moreover, nanocrystalline SnO₂ was found on the other bronze. This analysis provides experimental information relevant for the conservation of these bronzes, and also may be a useful reference for the conservation of other bronzes buried in Shenzhen area.