我国人口城镇化与土地城镇化协调发展研究

中国正处于城镇化进程加速发展时期,城市规模不断扩大,城市数目不断增加,单以非农人口比重这一标准衡量城镇化水平并不能全面反映城镇化的内涵,因此,如何理性评价当前的城镇化状态值得思考。城镇化包含人口向城镇的转型、集中、强化和分异的过程,同样也包括城镇景观的地域推进过程。在归纳总结城镇化的深层内涵的基础上,选择人口城镇化和土地城镇化为切入点,从两个不同的角度衡量我国的城镇化水平,并研究二者协调发展状态。通过时间序列演算,发现人口城镇化指数与土地城镇化指数均呈现持续上升的趋势,并且从2002年开始土地城镇化指数增长速度明显加快,并在2007年土地城镇化指数超过人口城镇化指数;空间分析的结果显示,我国人口城镇化与土地城镇化协调发展空间格局具有水平总体偏低、阶段差距大、区域分异明显等特点。

A STUDY ON COORDINATE DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN POPULATION URBANIZATION AND LAND URBANIZATION IN CHINA

This paper aims to examine the coordinate development between population urbanization and land urbanization in China. The authors point out that the proportion of non-agricultural population could not fully reflect the level of urbanization. Therefore, it is necessary to consider how to rationally evaluate the current state of urbanization. After reviewing the definitions of the urbanization, the authors believe that the level of urbanization in China can be measured by population urbanization and land urbanization of which they conduct research on the coordinate development. Through time-series calculations, the authors find that the indexes of both population urbanization level and land urbanization level from the 1995 to 2007 are in a trend of continuing upward, and during this period, the coordination level of them is also gradual increasing, the growth rate of land urbanization index became faster than ever before, and in 2007 land urbanization index has surpassed population urbanization index. From the view of the spatial pattern, the distribution of population urbanization index in China is consistent with the basic pattern of economic development. The provinces which are ranked in the first three levels mainly located in eastern China where the socio-economic development is at the high level, and the provinces which are ranked in the fourth level or the fifth level are mainly located in central and western China where the economic and industrial level is relatively low, and people's living standard need to be improved. The distribution of land urbanization index in China is quite different with the basic pattern of economic development, which is affected by the investment in land from local government. The spatial pattern of coordinate development between population urbanization and land urbanization has the characteristics of low general level, large phase gap, and obvious regional differentiation.