古代残留物分析在考古中的应用

动植物是人类社会发展的重要基石，它的利用是人类适应、改造和征服自然的物质基础，古代社会的方方面面都与之相关,因而动植物及其制品的残留物分析能提供古代社会丰富的信息。残留物分析重点在于从残留物中提取有机物。利用科学检测手段进行定性定量分析来判断残留物来源，从而了解古代动植物的加工、利用和相关载体的功能等。本文从DNA、淀粉粒、蛋白质、脂类、炭化物和酒等六个方面简要介绍了残留物分析的方法和进展，希望能促进残留物分析在中国的开展．

Application of Remains Analysis into the Archaeology

Animals and plants are the foundation of development of human society,and their use is the material base of human to adapt,alter and conquer the nature,which is related to every aspect of ancient society,so residue analysis for animals,plants and their products can provide rich information about ancient society.The emphasis of residue analysis is to extract organic molecules from residue,whose origin will be judged through quantitative and/or qualitative scientific analysis in order to understand processing,use and related carriers of ancient animals and plants.In this article,the methods and developments of residue analysis have been outlined from six aspects-DNA,starch grains,protein,lipid,carbonized material and wine,and we hope it will promote residue analysis in China..