第一次石油危机中日本对中东政策的转折

在第一次石油危机期间,中东产油国把石油武器不仅对准支持以色列的美国等国家,也对准了持“中立”政策的日本等国家。日本一方面面临中东产油国不断加大压力,国内经济出现混乱,另一方面担心得罪美国而影响日美同盟关系,不敢轻举妄动。最后,为了维持以石油为主要能源的日本经济正常运转,日本政府不得不放弃“中立”政策,转而公开支持阿拉伯国家正义事业,并且提供巨额资金及技术援助中东有关国家,加强与中东有关国家关系,确保中东石油平稳供应。

The Changing of Japan's policy to the Middle East in the First Oil Crisis

During the period of the first oil crisis, the oil producing countries in the Middle East not only used the petroleum as arms to fight against those countries such as the United States that supported Israel, but also fought against countries such as Japan that took"neutral"policies. On the one hand, Japan faced the pressure that the oil producing countries in the Middle East continuously exerted, economical confusion arose at home; on the other hand, Japan dared not take reckless actions because it worried about displeasing the United States so as to influence the Japan U.S.alliance. In the end, in order to maintain its energy based domestic economy to run smoothly, Japan had to give up"neutrality", turned to support Arab countries' just causes openly, also provided enormous capital, techniques to strengthen its relations with the Middle East countries concerned to ensure the stable supply of the oil in the Middle East.