经济增长与产业结构调整下的陕西省生态压力研究

基于生态文明建设的理念,利用生态足迹的理论和方法,分析陕西省1978-2006年的经济增长、产业结构调整与生态压力变化的关系。对6个反映经济增长和产业结构调整的指标进行因子分析,根据其载荷的大小确定了经济增长和产业结构两个因子,并据此分析陕西省经济增长与产业结构调整下的生态压力的演变特征。结果显示:经济增长对生态压力的影响要大于产业结构调整的影响,经济增长使区域生态压力增大,而产业结构的调整对生态压力的变化有一定的调节作用,减缓了经济增长对生态环境的压力。

A STUDY ON ECOLOGICAL PRESSURE WITH THE INCREASE OF ECONOMY AND THE ADJUSTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE IN SHAANXI PROVINCE

It is urgent to research the influence of economic increase, industrial structure adjustment and ecological environment during ecological civilization construction in Shaanxi province. Based on ecological civilization construction, using theory and method of ecological footprint, this paper analyzes relationship among economic increase, industrial structure adjustment and ecological pressure in Shaanxi province from 1978 to 2006. The consumption of natural resources is rising during the development of Shaanxi province. The growth of regional economy has great dependence on natural resources and goes beyond the scope of ecological carrying capacity. The authors point out that there are two aspects to slow down the pressure of ecological environment, which are the control of ecological footprints and the development of ecological carrying capacity. Using factor analysis method, the authors discussed the characteristics of change of ecological pressure of ecological increase and industrial structure adjustment. The results shows that impact of economic increase on ecological pressure is heavier than that of industrial structure adjustment on ecological pressure. Economic increase rises the regional ecological pressure. Industrial structure adjustment could regulate the change of ecological pressure to a certain degree and decrease pressure of ecological environment caused by economic increase. The authors point out that there are two ways to weaken the pressure of ecological environment in Shaanxi province, which are that one is to control ecological footprint, another is to develop ecological support. Furthermore, the authors give some suggestions to eliminate the contradiction between economic increase and ecological pressure. Firstly, circular economy should be carried out. Secondly, a resource-efficient society should be built up rapidly. Thirdly, existing industrial structure should be upgraded and reformed. Finally, industrial profit shared mechanism should be set up and implemented effectively and dominant industry should be fostered.