The Booming Russo-Japanese Economic Relations

A noted Japanese economist analyzes the history, present status, and future prospects for Russo-Japanese economic relations. The author demonstrates that the boom in trade between the two countries in the 2000s is unprecedented, ending the stagnation in bilateral trade that began in the early 1980s, when the era of large-scale Siberian resource development projects came to an end. He argues that underlying the current boom is an eastward shift in the Russian economy, characterized by its energy and investment policies as well as foreign economic relations. The paper considers in detail two important factors supporting this boom: (1) Japan’s exports of automobiles to Russia; and (2) Russia’s exports of oil and gas to Japan. He concludes with a guardedly optimistic prognosis suggesting growth in the bilateral economic relations on the grounds of the continuing eastward shift of the Russian economy and a marked correspondence between the demand and supply of the two countries. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: F140, O520, P280, Q430. 7 figures, 4 tables, 50 references.     

宁波自驾车旅游现状调查及发展对策研究

随着汽车进入百姓家庭,自驾车旅游在全国各地日益成为热点旅游形式。本文通过实地调查和面对面访谈,对宁波自驾车旅游者的消费特点进行了描述性分析,揭示了宁波自驾车旅游发展所面临的问题,其中包括基础设施和企业经营两方面,从而提出了宁波自驾车旅游发展的对策。     

自驾车旅游及其产品的深度开发研究——以广东省肇庆市为例

文章在归纳分析自驾车旅游兴起的社会背景、旅游者行为特征基础上,对广东传统旅游目的地肇庆市自驾车旅游的发展条件、发展现状与存在问题进行了思考,认为肇庆具有许多发展自驾车旅游的有利条件。尽管肇庆自驾车旅游市场已初步形成,但也有一些深层次的问题有待解决,离成熟的的自驾车旅游目的地仍有不少距离。在对肇庆自驾车旅游的市场特征进行调查分析的基础上,文章相对系统地提出肇庆自驾车产品旅游深度开发的若干思路与策略。包括:通过资源整合与区域合作丰富自驾车旅游线路;继续完善公路网络、交通标识与自驾车服务站建设;增强旅游信息系统尤其是网络的预定与服务功能;加快汽车旅馆等经济型酒店及汽车营地的建设;建立保障自驾车旅游发展的长效机制等。     

旅游资源自驾车旅游开发适宜性评价体系构建与实证研究——以伊春市为例

自驾车旅游的开发对旅游资源具有特殊要求,传统的旅游资源评价方法应用到自驾车旅游开发中表现出局限性。基于自驾车旅游开发的视角,综合考虑旅游资源吸引力、资源环境条件、配套设施状况、客源市场与发展潜力四个方面,尝试建立了新的旅游资源评价指标体系。根据专家调查,运用主成分分析法和层次分析方法确定了指标体系各因子权重。最后以伊春市为例,应用模糊综合评判法对伊春市22个典型旅游区的旅游资源进行了自驾车旅游开发适宜性评价与分析。通过创新旅游资源评价体系,文章期望为自驾车旅游开发提供指导,并为其它专项旅游开发提供借鉴。     

我国自驾车旅游与旅游绅士化研究

近几年自驾车旅游在我国迅速兴起,成为一种新型的旅游形态,自驾车旅游者的中产阶层化特征明显,消费的自主性、独特性和炫耀性突出,他们的旅游活动对目的地产生了旅游绅士化效应。在分析绅士化的本质内涵和旅游业特性的基础上,对旅游绅士化概念进行了引申和再界定。通过对自驾车旅游者的绅士化和消费空间分异规律及其对接待地旅游绅士化作用的剖析,讨论了自驾车旅游与旅游绅士化的关系,并将自驾车旅游的旅游绅士化的类型分为:度假区类型的旅游绅士化、乡村旅游地类型的旅游绅士化和温冷景区类型的旅游绅士化。     

Embracing the future: path transformation and system reconfiguration for self-driving cars in West Sweden

ABSTRACT

The past years have witnessed a surge of academic interest into how new industrial paths are developed in regions. Transformation processes of existing regional industries have received less attention. This article focuses on radical innovation-based renewal processes of established paths and investigates how regional innovation systems are tackling challenges related to path transformation. Drawing on insights from the regional and technological innovation systems literatures, we develop an analytical framework that elucidates the relation between path transformation and system reconfiguration. The framework suggests that regional innovation system elements are created or adapted to (i) target the build-up of system functions regionally; (ii) link up to system functions in other locations, and (iii) transplant system functions from elsewhere. The analytical framework is applied to a case study of the transformation of the automotive industry in West Sweden towards self-driving cars. The empirical analysis provides support for the importance of the three types of system reconfiguration and emphasises the relevance of different types of assets. Furthermore, it highlights how actors tend to utilise previous networks and positions in global innovation systems rather than turning to the development of system functions regionally as the ‘default option’ of system reconfiguration.