Crowdsourcing Model Research for the Identification of Post-Earthquake Rescue Objects

The quick and accurate identification of post-earthquake rescue objects can minimize the casualties and property loss caused by earthquakes. With the rapid development of remote sensing technology, rescue objects can be identified through high-resolution remote sensing images. There are two main categories of approaches to identify rescue object through high-resolution images: automatic extraction by a computer and visual judgment by professionals. Although results can be obtained quickly by using automatic extraction, the accuracy of the results is unacceptably low. For visual judgment, the large demands for time and professionals restrict its wide practical application. In this study, we introduce crowdsourcing into the identification of post-earthquake rescue objects. First, we integrate the advantages of the computer and crowdsourcing, which means that the computer takes advantage of the speed of information processing, while crowdsourcing makes full use of human recognition capabilities. Second, we take visual judgment tasks out of the hands of professionals and entrust the tasks to workers in a crowdsourcing platform. Not only are the human resources infinite, but we can also improve the efficiency of identifying rescue objects. Third, we propose a crowdsourcing model that improves the quality of the results and saves human resources. Finally, experimental results demonstrate that our solution is feasible.     

Reexamining transport poverty,job access,and gender issues in Central and Eastern Europe

Tirana, the Balkan capital examined in this study, displays patterns of gendered job search behavior and access, which are unique within contemporary Europe and even within post-socialist Central and Eastern Europe. Here, it is a rather spatially constricted job search range rather than transport poverty that prevents women living in first-ring suburbs from attaining satisfactory employment. Female commutes are extraordinarily short and most often on foot. While the city now has nearly one million inhabitants and a high car ownership rate, and is located in Europe, the employment and mobility choices and behaviors of its female residents resemble those in developing rather than developed countries, and in small rather than large cities. The reasons underpinning this situation have more to do with socio-cultural gender barriers and less with transport poverty or labor market weaknesses. This finding might apply to other Balkan capitals or cities outside Europe, which have recently experienced large waves of internal migration and where both existing residents and newcomers have not yet adjusted to ‘big city’ life.     

Capturing Curiosity: Using Internet Search Trends to Measure Public Attentiveness

While scholars have made great strides in formulating theories and measuring public attention, “most important problem” and media‐based indicators are less than ideal measures. In order to address this shortcoming, this article borrows from health‐care epidemiology to measure public attention based on Internet search trends. In doing so, it reviews the innovative ways in which scientists have used search activity to track the spread of infectious disease, discusses the ease and flexibility with which search data can be gathered, and then subjects a Google‐based search measure to a series of validity tests. In particular, the analysis subjects the proposed measure to a battery of visual and statistical tests for convergent validity by comparing it with the most commonly used media‐based measure of public attention—issue coverage in the New York Times. Across a range of policy issues (health care, global warming, and terrorism), the proposed measure demonstrates convergent validity. The article concludes by posing a series of important questions that the new measure will allow researchers to address.     

国内游客行前信息搜索与目的地满意度评价研究——以黄山风景区为例

行前信息搜索是游客旅游决策过程的首要步骤之一,而信息则会进一步影响游客的系列消费行为及其满意度评价。本文在文献回顾的基础上,以黄山风景区为例构建了国内游客行前信息搜索测量量表和目的地游客满意度评价测量量表,并通过因子分析萃取出了上述量表的因子结构,通过独立样本T检验和事后多重比较法检验了游客行前信息搜索行为的组间差异、检验了游客对目的地满意度评价的组间差异。典型相关分析则发现,"信息搜索的媒体导向"、"深入性信息"、"信息搜索的经验与中介导向"和"保健性信息"等国内游客行前信息搜索因子与目的地游客满意度评价因子存在正相关关系,但游客对"深入性信息"、"信息搜索的媒体导向"的关注程度较为有限。基于上述检验与发现,文章提出了黄山风景区提高游客满意度的若干举措。     

Rose de Freycinet and the French Exploration Corvette L'Uranie (1820): a Highlight of the 'French Connection' with the 'Great Southland'

Rose de Freycinet, the first woman to record her circumnavigation of the globe, was shipwrecked in the Falkland Islands in the closing stages of her three-year voyage. The significance of her account is slowly becoming widely recognised, rendering the archaeological remains at the wreck of her transport the corvette L'Uranie and the survivors' camp ashore of growing international importance. In March 2001 a team under the auspices of the Western Australian Maritime Museum conducted research, search and survey aimed at adding to the body of knowledge about the de Freycinets, their ship and their camp. This is a précis of their results.
© 2005 The Nautical Archaeology Society     

在线信息搜索对旅游者感知形象及决策的影响研究

本文基于目的地形象理论,利用实验、出声思维、访谈等多种方法,结合词频统计、同位素示踪等分析手段解析了在线信息搜索对于旅游者感知形象演化及目的地选择决策的影响。研究发现:潜在旅游者持有的目的地原生形象具有集中性。随着外部信息搜索的进行,来自DMO控制型信息源的信息加强了这种印象并形成引致形象的热门词部分,依此旅游者对意识域中众多可选目的地进行筛选并形成考虑域。这一过程构成"广泛信息搜索路径"。而对非DMO控制型信息源的信息摄取则使引致形象演化出长尾,这些形象的细节性信息促使旅游者做出具体决策,此即为"精细信息搜索路径"。旅游者的目的地选择决策过程即是在不断重复这两条路径,直至做出最终选择。     

HM Ship Roebuck (1690–1701): Global Maritime Heritage?

William Dampier, his literature, and the associated archaeological remains, notably HM ship Roebuck, are of undoubted global significance. While there are acknowledged legal rights to the remains in respect of the Crown, and of Ascension Island where Roebuck was lost, there also exists a number of nations possessing an interest in this famous 'pirate and hydrographer' and his ship. Australia is one of those nations and in March 2001 a team under the auspices of the Western Australian Maritime Museum conducted research, search and survey aimed at finding out more about William Dampier and his lost ship. This is a precis of their results.
© 2004 The Nautical Archaeology Society     

满铁大连图书馆

本文介绍了满铁大连图书馆的概况、文献收藏、文献分类、文献目录、文献流传和检索查询原满铁大连图书馆馆藏文献的方法与途径。     

基于屏幕跟踪的大学生在线旅游信息搜索行为研究

本文以大学生在线旅游信息搜索行为为研究对象,利用实验观察法（屏幕跟踪）,分析了在线旅游信息搜索行为特征及规律,并依据信息搜索行为理论,构建了大学生在线旅游信息搜索模式。研究发现,在规定情景任务的情境下,大学生在网络信息搜索中输入的关键词次数不高,且习惯于使用短语或具体景区的名称并加入限定词语进行搜索;该群体整体上偏好使用全文搜索工具进行信息搜索,且信息搜集量大;该群体对信息的关注度依次为“游”、“行”、“住”、“吃”、“购”,但对“娱”的关注几乎没有;研究还发现,关键词和搜索引擎的选择与其旅游经验和上网经验有正相关关系。     

我国出境游客旅行前的信息搜索行为意向研究：基于TAM、TPB与DTPB模型

本文使用TAM、TPB与DTPB模型对我国出境游客旅行前的信息搜索行为意向进行分析发现,态度是影响我国出境游客旅行前信息搜索行为意向的首要因素,其次则是知觉有用性、感知行为控制和主观规范。同时,研究也发现,虽然上述3个模型对行为意向均具有较强的解释力,但从模型解释的变异量、拟合度及简约性来看,TPB模型最为恰适,且修正后的TPB模型解释了行为意向75％的变异。