Crowdsourcing Model Research for the Identification of Post-Earthquake Rescue Objects

The quick and accurate identification of post-earthquake rescue objects can minimize the casualties and property loss caused by earthquakes. With the rapid development of remote sensing technology, rescue objects can be identified through high-resolution remote sensing images. There are two main categories of approaches to identify rescue object through high-resolution images: automatic extraction by a computer and visual judgment by professionals. Although results can be obtained quickly by using automatic extraction, the accuracy of the results is unacceptably low. For visual judgment, the large demands for time and professionals restrict its wide practical application. In this study, we introduce crowdsourcing into the identification of post-earthquake rescue objects. First, we integrate the advantages of the computer and crowdsourcing, which means that the computer takes advantage of the speed of information processing, while crowdsourcing makes full use of human recognition capabilities. Second, we take visual judgment tasks out of the hands of professionals and entrust the tasks to workers in a crowdsourcing platform. Not only are the human resources infinite, but we can also improve the efficiency of identifying rescue objects. Third, we propose a crowdsourcing model that improves the quality of the results and saves human resources. Finally, experimental results demonstrate that our solution is feasible.     

20世纪50年代安徽水灾中医疗救助活动述论——以1954年淮河水灾为例

20世纪50年代安徽淮河地区遭遇严重水灾,各级各地政府紧急组织救灾活动,并对灾后的农村进行医疗救助。本文以安徽省卫生厅档案资料为依据,梳理、阐述1954年安徽淮河水灾后各级各地政府的医疗救灾措施,揭示医疗救灾活动在社会救灾中的作用,探究其取得成效的原因及存在的不足之处。     

Life and death at precolumbian Lavoutte,Saint Lucia,Lesser Antilles

Abstract

The Caribbean archaeological record requires immediate attention and protection. Development and natural forces have impacted archaeological sites, destroying or severely damaging them. The precolumbian site of Lavoutte, located in northern Saint Lucia, has been known as a major Late Ceramic Age (a.d. 1000–1500) settlement since the 1960s, but it has been damaged over the past decades by both natural and human processes. Multidisciplinary field and laboratory methodologies were implemented during a rescue project at the site from 2009 to 2010. This paper presents the results of collaborative efforts between local and international organizations. The first goal was to demonstrate the importance of protection and rescue of endangered archaeological sites. Secondly, we aimed to show that by adopting a multidisciplinary approach including artifact analysis, bioarchaeology, paleoenvironmental reconstruction, and geochemistry, severely damaged sites can be of significant informational value.     

浅谈灭火救援技术训练与抢险救援指挥的关系

本文结合灭火与抢险救援指挥的需要,针对消防灭火救援技术训练的特点和实际问题,论证了灭火救援技术训练与抢险救援指挥的密切关系以及提高现场组织指挥能力的途径和方法。     

Shifting Bordering and Rescue Practices in the Central Mediterranean Sea,October 2013–October 2015

This counter‐mapping project illustrates the areas of intervention of different operations geared toward rescue and enforcement between 2013 and 2015, including the Italian Navy's “Mare Nostrum” search and rescue mission, the EU border agency Frontex's “Triton” enforcement operation, the humanitarian interventions of commercial vessels, and the action of civil‐society rescue vessels such as those operated by Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF—Doctors Without Borders). The project offers a spatial understanding of the Mediterranean border‐scape, the practices of rescue and enforcement that occur within it, and the risk of sea‐crossing at this particular moment. Through these maps, the Central Mediterranean Sea emerges as a striking laboratory from which novel legal arrangements, surveillance technologies, and institutional assemblages converge.     

民国前期红十字会皖北救援活动管窥

民国前期,中国红十字会在救死扶伤的同时,不断拓宽人道主义服务领域。通过对这一时期中国红十字会皖北人道救助行动的考察,可以看出中国红十字会及其所属分会广泛参与兵灾、自然灾害及其他意外之灾的救助,减轻了民众疾苦,为保障民生,发挥了不能小视的作用。     

Roman sarcophagi at the lower terrace of Amman Citadel

ABSTRACT

A rock-hewn cave cut out of limestone was accidentally discovered in 2012 during road repairs and maintenance work conducted by Great Amman Municipality on the corner of the street leading to the Amman Citadel. The recommendations were to conduct a salvage excavation at the above-mentioned cave. Therefore, an immediate physical inspection was conducted in order to assess the needs of excavating and to avoid further collateral damage. The campaign for the excavation of the cave took place between 22 February and 10 March 2012. Two limestone sarcophagi from the Roman period were found in the cave. The stone coffin is one of several types of the burial customs known to the Romans whether in the Near East or in their original homeland. The social and economic conditions of the people during the Roman Period determined the quality of their tombs, the funerary rites to be held and the funerary tools accompanying them in the other life. Consequently, people belonging to poor families are deprived of the same quality of services in comparison to their rich counterparts.     

From Rescue to Research: Medieval Ship Finds in St Peter Port, Guernsey

Shipping traffic is scouring away seabed sediment in St Peter Port harbour, Guernsey. Since 1985 nine sections of well-preserved medieval ship structure have been revealed, representing at least five separate vessels. Although they seem broadly contemporary, it is not yet possible to say whether any or all were lost at the same time. With their rescue under way, research has addressed their provenance, their roles, and their relationship to Guernsey and the wider medieval world. This paper discusses ships that are of international significance today not least because they were of similar importance in their own time.
© 2004 The Nautical Archaeology Society     

论布依族文献古籍的抢救与保护

贵州布依族民族历史悠久,文化丰富多彩。布依族文献古籍主要是以汉字记音和自创的表意方块字来记载的。由于没有形成统一规范的文字体系,不同地区的布依族文献古籍的书写记载方式各不相同,只有掌握使用这些文献古籍的布摩先生能够识读。人们对这些文献古籍的价值认识不足,其搜集、整理和保护只停留在学术研究的层面。许多保存民间的文献古籍随着时间的推移,流失现象非常严重,必须引起高度重视。