旅游经济学自学应考方法谈

本结合以往旅游经济学自学考试试卷题型的分析,介绍了题型要求和答题思路。     

Economic Protectorate in Britain’s Informal Empire: The Trucial Coast during the Second World War

This article examines the economic and political impact of the Second World War upon a small outpost of Britain’s informal empire. It analyses the multiple ways in which the economy, trade and governance of the Trucial Coast were disrupted, disturbed and challenged by the exceptional circumstances of the war. In response to these circumstances, a variety of emergency arrangements were introduced, resulting in an unprecedented degree of involvement of outsiders and foreign agencies in the management of the local economy. The transformation of Britain’s traditional policy of non-interference in the internal affairs of the Trucial Coast is traced back to the exigencies of wartime conditions.     

古籍修复用纸谈

为了解决古籍修复纸张短缺问题,国家古籍保护中心启动了古籍修复用纸定制工作。此次定制纸张以古纸为样本,在古代造纸原产地选择生产厂家,采用石灰沤浆,日光漂白等传统手工纸生产工艺生产。经过两年的努力,目前已经生产出了多种规格的竹纸、皮纸和宣纸。经检测,各项指标符合质量要求。对古纸的种类、修复用纸分类和质量要求进行了阐述、对传统和现代手工造纸工艺利弊进行了比较,检测数据证明了定制古籍修复用纸技术路线的正确性。     

从社会发展及用户需求角度看数字博物馆的定义

现阶段文博界普遍认为数字博物馆一般是由博物馆建设的为用户提供数字化物质及非物质遗产服务的网站。从社会发展及用户需求角度出发,数字博物馆定义应该为：数字博物馆一般是由博物馆建设的,为实现文博资源为全社会公平享有的愿景及满足个人对文博资源的最大化需求,而提供数字化物质及非物质遗产服务的网站。     

Trade policy,climate change and the greening of business

There is under way a worldwide greening of industry, driven by the huge demand generated by China and India as emerging industrial giants whose growth cannot be accommodated by ‘business as usual’ fossil-fuelled development—for reasons having as much to do with energy security as concerns over global warming and climate change. While the role played in this process by fiscal and industry policies (e.g. carbon taxes and other market-based incentives) is well understood (even if not pursued currently in Australia), the potentially powerful leverage to be exercised by trade policy is under-recognised. There are some positive developments such as a proposed Environmental Goods Agreement being discussed in Geneva, while there are negative developments embodied in various bilateral and regional trade agreements such as the proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement, to which Australia has committed itself. There are rising levels of conflict over trade and climate change mitigation measures, in actions brought at the WTO against countries looking to promote green industries through measures like local content requirements being attached to foreign direct investment, or by countries imposing border tax adjustments against exporters who allegedly fail to implement carbon taxes. The issues involved are discussed in this paper and possible ways forward are proposed, along with some implications for Australia.     

陈黻宸的史学“四独”“五史”论

在挖掘中国传统史学的精华和吸收消化西方史学思想的基础上,陈黻宸糅合中西,提出了自己的"四独""五史"的史学思想。这些史学思想中既有对史家的要求,也包括了对读史之人的要求,其中处处透露着陈黻宸对史学性质的认识和"新史学"的影像。     

Hydraulic engineering and irrigation agriculture in the Moche Valley,Peru: c. A.D. 1250–1532

This paper examines the hydraulic properties (i.e. velocity and discharge) of the main late prehistoric canals of the Moche Valley. Velocities, estimated from excavated canal sections using the Manning flow equation, are compared to tables of maximum permissible velocities and reveal that canals were constructed to transport water efficiently, but that on gradients steeper than 1:100 the Chimu and Inca engineers were unable to transport large discharges without severe erosional problems. Discharge estimates are compared with modern field requirements, using a known ethnographic watering cycle. This demonstrates that in almost every instance the channel size was of the same order of magnitude as that predicted from the requirements. The construction of the Inter-valley canal to bring water to the state lands in Moche was a technological disaster.