A Negative Geography of Necessity

Abstract: One of the many unfortunate results of the long‐lived misconception that Marx was a “determinist” is a lack of engagement with his ideas of necessity and negation. Reading the Grundrisse's famous comments on the annihilation of space by time, I trace the Hegelian roots of these concepts to show that for both Marx ahd Hegel, negation is the very act of critique itself, and necessity is properly understood not as the force of history, but as the object of historical explanation–what makes things the way they are and not another. It is therefore crucial to critical geography's efforts to identify the possibilities for social change, for that analysis must be predicated on an understanding for how things have emerged in their present form, i.e. the one we have to work with. I argue that a negative geography of necessity is the essential basis for anything we might call a communist geography, a geography of “the real movement which abolishes the present state of things”.     

大学生参与高校管理分析

大学生参与高校管理已逐步成为高校内部管理改革的重要组成部分,这是我国高等教育走向市场化、民主化、法制化以及倡导主体性教育管理观的必然要求。学生参与学校的管理工作主要有：参与高层管理,参与教学管理、参与后勤管理等,这些管理活动均与学生的利益息息相关,学校应提供多种渠道与方式,促进学生积极参与学校管理。     

关于山西与环渤海地区区域工业合作的思考

山西作为全国的能源重化工基地,工业结构呈现出"畸重型"特点。近年来,这种结构与市场的矛盾日益突出,山西工业处于一种不景气状态。山西工业要振兴,区域合作是捷径。山西与其东邻的环渤海地区,有着明显的地缘优势、资源互补优势和良好的合作基础。随着国家经济建设重心向中西部地区的转移,山西作为中部地区的前沿地带,很有可能成为环渤海地区向中西部转移工业的首选地区。山西应牢牢抓住这一契机,加强与环渤海地区进行多方位、多渠道、多层次的合作。其合作途径是文章重点探讨的内容。     

Nationalism chez Gellner

The central distinguishing feature of Ernest Gellner's most important treatment of nationalism is the proposition that nationalism is necessary for industrial society. Relatively little attention has been paid to the philosophical dimension of this proposition. The question of necessity in social explanation, however, is a complicated philosophical problem and must be dealt with directly if this proposition is to be endorsed. I argue that Gellner's argument is philosophically flawed. The ‘ordinary prose’ of Nations and Nationalism fails to deliver what Gellner claims to have delivered: the demonstration of a necessary connection between nationalism and industrial society. This result is of particular relevance given Gellner's philosophical interests.     

论朱熹建构鬼神理论的必然性

朱熹是宋代一位具有科学思想的理学家,但科学思想却没有使他走向无神论道路,反而使他接受鬼神,并建构了鬼神理论。对此,我们不能简单地断之为倒退落后,如果对朱熹"了解之同情",则能理解他建构鬼神理论之苦衷。四大因素迫使朱熹建构鬼神理论:一是现实中的"鬼神"现象必须得到解答;二是儒学典籍中的鬼神之事无法回避;三是必须应对佛道鬼神论的挑战;四是道统的合法性辩护。     

对青海省重大文体活动进行市场化运作必要性的思考

文章通过对青海省近几年来重大文体活动运行现状的分析,指出了青海省重大文体活动现行机制中存在的主要问题。在此基础上提出为减轻政府财政压力和进一步提高大型活动的运作效率,必须建立健全市场化机制,通过市场化运作充分挖掘社会力量办重大文体活动的潜力,实现资金筹措多元化,保证青海省重大文体活动健康、持续的发展。     

茶马古道保护规划的必要性与可行性

茶马古道作为连接内地与西藏的古代交通大动脉,历经唐、宋、元、明、清,其历史作用和现实意义不可低估.它在历史上不仅促进了茶马古道沿线高原城镇的发展,为汉、藏以及其他民族间的经济和文化交流做出了重要贡献,重要的是历代中央王朝通过“茶马互市”和“茶马古道”,更加巩固了西南边疆,维护了国家的统一.因此,对茶马古道采取保护规划工作,对其进行有效保护,刻不容缓.本文阐述了开展茶马古道保护规划工作对于茶马古道及其相关文化遗产保护的重要意义,并归纳开展这项工作具有的可行性.     

上林湖越窑单字款铭文功能浅析

人们对古瓷铭文的研究已经取得了丰硕的成果。但是作为古瓷铭文史上的一个特例--越窑单字款出现的社会意义却缺少探究。本文试从单字款出现的可能性和必要性探索单字款出现的原因。认为当时宽松的烧窑制度是单字款出现的前提条件,而窑业规模和窑工分工是单字款出现的决定性因素。     

Spinoza on Fictitious Ideas and Possible Entities

The aim of this article is twofold: to provide a valid account of Spinoza’s theory of fictitious ideas, and to demonstrate its coherency with the overall modal metaphysics underpinning his philosophical system. According to Leibniz, in fact, the existence of romances and novels would be sufficient to demonstrate, against Spinoza’s necessitarianism, that possible entities exist and are intelligible, and that many other worlds different from ours could have existed in its place. I argue that Spinoza does not actually need to resort to the notion of possible entities in order to explain the incontrovertible existence of fictions and fictitious ideas. In order to demonstrate this, I will first show how, according to Spinoza, true ideas of nonexistent things need not be regarded as fictitious ideas. Then I will show by which means Spinoza can justify the real existence of fictions and fictitious ideas in the human mind through our present knowledge of actually existing things, to conclude that fictitious ideas neither add anything to what we already know of things, nor do they increase the extent of the existing conceivable reality by demanding the existence of possible non-actualised entities.     

从五年计划走向五年规划

我国的五年计划起始于建国初期。枉会主叉市场经济的发展,改革开放的不断深入,使五年计划发展为五年规划。与五年计划不同的是,五年规划增添了科学发展观、社会主义和谐社会、自主创新能力、政府与市场的科学关系等新内容,从而成为一个有别于前十个五年计划的新的发展规划。