The influence of territory on innovation network design in mountain tourism resorts

As there is little research on the link between territories and interorganisational networks, this paper examines how the nature of a territory influences the characteristics of innovation networks. It compares the innovation network forms of two types of territories (high-altitude and medium-altitude mountain resorts) regarding four characteristics of networks widely debated in the literature: the nature of the relationships between members, the mode of regulation used, the architecture, and the geographical proximity of members. This research makes a significant contribution to both the spatial development and innovation management literature: indeed, our results show that according to the nature of the territory, innovation networks differ in terms of partners, geographical proximity, and regulation mode. However, the nature of the territory does not seem to influence the architecture of the innovation network since those networks need a hub organization that orchestrates the partners’ actions. These results, by providing a better understanding of the characteristics of innovation networks, help tourist territories to better attract customers.     

21世纪的"海洋破碎带"

本简析了海洋的争夺史,在此基础上提出了本的中心议题—21世纪的“海洋破碎带”。探析了“海洋破碎带”形成的七大因素,即：①海洋霸权主义对海洋国际贸易通道的争夺;②国际间对海洋国土的争夺;③海洋生物资源的争夺;④海洋矿产资源的争夺;⑤南极大陆的争夺;⑥海军军备竞赛;⑦海缘政治形势日益恶化。阐释了21纪“海洋破碎带”分布的海域。最后指出,中国不仅是一个陆地国家,也是一个海洋国家,中国的海上安全已近底线。为此,中国必须树立新的海洋观念,建立强大的海军,保卫国家的每一寸海洋国土。     

Precarious Territory: Property Law,Housing, and the Socio-Spatial Order

Most of us access shelter over land over which other people have legally sanctioned dominant interests and powers, creating systemic relations of security and vulnerability that I term precarious property. We all live inside the territory of property, but do so under different terms. Rather than thinking of the territory of property as an exclusive space of insiders and outsiders, I think of it as a relational technology that organises forms of conditional spatial access. Territorialised expressions of law play a crucial role in organising such relations through a “property space” that frames property’s participants, their interactions, their alternatives to transacting, and the meanings of property itself. Thinking territorially about precarious property offers us both analytical and ethico-political insights, I suggest.     

日本的海权观及其海洋领土争端——一种建构主义的尝试分析

东北亚国家对于海洋权益的认知渐进深入,以及地缘政治实况和国家实力消长等,构成了社会意识与物质力量变迁的合力,加剧了日本与周边国家之间普遍存在海洋领土争端这一社会情势。当代西方国际关系理论中的建构主义为上述实况提供了一种新的思维尝试、分析框架与消解困境的方案补充。东北亚海洋领土争端困境的解决关键在于如何利用预留的政治空间。     

商王朝疆域探索

商王朝的疆域 ,是一个有待深入研究的课题。随着考古发掘的日益增多 ,可以与文献相互参照并结合甲骨文资料 ,逐步找出解决这一问题的途径。从目前掌握的文献与考古资料 ,可以明确看到 ,对商王朝的疆域可以分三个层次来探讨 :一是商王朝的直接辖区即王畿 ;二是商王朝行政、信息所达 ,基本上能够管理的地区 ;三是商王朝影响所及的地域。在三个层次中 ,惟有第二个层次才是商王朝的疆域。据此 ,《汉书·贾捐之传》所言之“东不过江黄 ,西不过氐羌 ,南不过蛮荆 ,北不过朔方” ,正是商王朝的疆域所至     

关于当代中国边疆研究中的几个问题

关于边疆的界定问题 ,在 2 0世纪 90年代以前 ,我们往往只提陆疆 ,在这以后有所改变 ,增加了海疆的概念。我们在观察边疆地区的时候一定要历史地看 ,中国疆域的历史发展呈现出延续性和波动性相结合的特点。边疆的重要战略地位不仅体现在边疆地区是国防的前线、改革开放的前沿 ,还体现在边疆地区的稳定与发展是我国可持续发展的重要保证     

"中国"与"天下"的重合——古代中国疆域形成的历史轨迹

“The Central Kingdom” is pregnant of political implications as well as of geographical and cultural significance. It was believed that whoever controlled Zhongguo (the Central Kingdom or China) would be the legitimate ruler over Tianxia (the realm under heaven or all under heaven). It was the contention for “the Central Kingdom” among the varieties of dynasties, notably those established by the Han-Chinese and the various ethnic groups in the northern borderland, that lead to the alternation of disintegration and unification of the territory. It was not until the Qing Dynasty that the unified “Central Kingdom” composed of a variety of ethnic groups turned into the ideal “realm under heaven” with “the Central Kingdom” at its core, which naturally put an end to the formation of territory in ancient China. Translated by Chen Dan from Zhongguo Bianjiang Shidi Yanjiu 中国边疆史地研究 (China’s Borderland History and Geography Studies), 2007, (3): 1–15     

孙叔敖故里封地考述——兼论《楚相孙叔敖碑》的真伪与文本时代

孙叔敖作为楚庄王时期的令尹,王室世族显贵,不可能是期思县内的平民百姓,《荀子》等称其为期思之人,当与其先辈的封地食邑在期思一带有关。孙叔敖后人受封之寝丘,在淮河以北的今安徽省临泉县一带,早期文献有明确的记载。唐宋以来,许多文献不辨南北朝时期固始县的沿革变化和治所迁移,将古寝丘定于后来的固始县(即今河南固始县)境内,不足为信。传世《楚相孙叔敖碑》,内容存在明显的矛盾和混淆,并非东汉时期的原作,应是南北朝后期至隋唐期间的续刻或拟托,不能作为古寝丘在今河南固始县一带的论据。     

Missing the point: globalization, deterritorialization and the space of the world

This article provides a critique of a dominant strand of the literature on globalization – that which suggests it can be understood as deterritorialization. It argues that suggestions that we have moved away from territorial understandings of politics fail to conceptually elaborate the notion of territory itself. Drawing parallels between mathematics and politics in the seventeenth century, the paper claims that the notion of territory is dependent on a particular way of grasping space as calculable. This way of understanding space makes bounded territories possible, but also underlies new global configurations. In other words globalization is a reconfiguration of existing understandings rather than the radical break some suggest. The article concludes by making some comments on this reconfiguration, and suggesting that further historical and conceptual work on territory is necessary before it can be thought to be superseded.     

SONIC GEOGRAPHY, PLACE AND RACE IN THE FORMATION OF LOCAL IDENTITY: LIVERPOOL AND SCOUSERS

The concept of identity has attracted significant academic attention. This article unpacks what constitutes the Scouse identity, how it is constructed and its different dimensions, with particular reference to place, phonology and race . Its novelty lies in developing the underused concept of "sonic geography" to examine the extent to which sound, for example a distinctive accent and/or dialect, affects the construction of local identity. Empirically this is conducted through a detailed analysis of the Scouse, or Liverpudlian, identity. The article also deploys the concept of "sonic exclusion" to examine the role a distinguishing vernacular plays in shaping local identity and the extent to which it determines "who is in" and "who is out" as a Scouser. The conclusion is that an effective understanding of a Scouser is not only spatial – someone born in Liverpool – because the sonoric landscape of spoken Scouse, and thereby Scouse identity, extends beyond the contemporary political and geographic boundaries of the City of Liverpool.