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隋唐以降,"江南"不仅是地域概称,亦作为一种美称在北方地区广泛流行。根据各地被称为"江南"的缘由,可大致分为水利型、稻作型、文化型、富足象征型以及景观型。各种类型的"江南"并非泾渭分明,北方各地之"江南"多是几个类型的集合体,是为复合型"江南"。北方"江南"多位于自然条件优越之地,多数"江南"指代地域为一县之隅。"江南"本是对某地社会之赞美,但美称亦会转化为"实累",明代宁夏即为此例。综合来看,传统时代北方民众对"江南"美誉的认可,缘于江南地区的繁荣兴盛,其本质上体现的是对于富足美好生活的向往与追求,亦是传统时代北方民众对于"何谓江南"的理解。 相似文献
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中国一直成为人口超级大国是源于所处的地理环境和自身的文化。中国历代兴衰与人口数量有特定关系,众多人口形成坚固的维护本民族安全的“人口长城”。人口增加到一定程度又会引发动荡造成周期性危机。认为计划生育是当今维护中华民族安全的无形长城。 相似文献
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Sveinn Eggertsson 《Oceania; a journal devoted to the study of the native peoples of Australia, New Guinea, and the Islands of the Pacific》2018,88(2):152-167
In this paper I consider the Kwermin notion of knowledge as ‘making skin’ of physical experience. The skin is acted upon in women's scarification and male initiations with the aim of instilling dispositions in the novices that are conducive to their becoming competent adult beings in their particular sociocultural environment. The scarification of women's abdominal skin is thought to enhance the fertility of their wombs, whereas the acts upon male novices’ skins in the initiation rituals are focused upon making them fierce warriors, vigorous husbands, and respectful communicators with ancestral spirits. It is argued that through the male initiations the Min reenact their joint origins from the ground at Yam (‘mother’) on Oksapmin land. Contrary to this initiatory emphasis on proper skin‐knowledge as fitness of being, sorcerers, and witches are greatly feared as they wrongfully penetrate the skin, either infusing the victim with suicidal desire or extracting its life‐substance until the victim withers and dies. 相似文献
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