完善青海省农牧区社会保障制度促进社会和谐发展

完善社会保障制度,是社会安定的重要保证,是关注民生、构建和谐社会的首要问题。加快富裕、文明、和谐新青海建设进程,必须切实解决青海省农牧区社会保障制度中存在的问题,制定相应的对策。     

日本老年护理保险制度的发展与启示

日本是世界上老年护理保险制度较为完善的国家之一。日本的护理保险制度在设立上注重开放服务领域,鼓励服务主体多元化,基本实现了护理服务的社会化;同时,它注重与国情结合,大力支持居家护理和社区护理服务,在很大程度上解决了日本老年人护理服务的问题。中国与日本有着相似的东方养老模式,在借鉴日本的经验时,要兼顾效率与公平,注重制度的建设与法律的完善,重视疾病的预防,积极为家庭护理提供支持,促进老年护理服务的社会化。     

British Postal Packet Hanover, 1757: a legal history

The wrecking of the Falmouth Postal Packet Hanover in 1763 led to three legal disputes and two court cases—in 1766 and 1997. This article recounts the origins and course of these disputes. It examines what the resolution of the 18th‐century case and the second dispute has revealed of the law and practice of marine insurance in the mid 18th century. It further examines what the 20th‐century case has revealed concerning the tension between ancient principles of commercial salvage and modern principles of heritage protection. Somewhat fortuitously, the examination of the case provides an opportunity to advance a simple solution to this conflict.     

日本农业保险的发展概况与启示

日本的农业保险被认为是世界农业保险的“成功经验”。文章介绍了日本农业保险的发展概况、制度结构和主要经验,并以农作物保险为例介绍了农业保险的主要内容。日本发展农业保险的主要经验有:强有力的立法保障;财政的大力支持;一定的强制性;先进的农险统计系统和政府的再保险支持。日本经验对我国的启示意义主要有四:一是加快推进农业保险立法;二是加大财政补贴力度,驱动农业保险发展;三是实行强制保险与自愿保险相结合,提高参与率;四是建立农业再保险机制。     

THE BUSINESS OF WELFARE

A common narrative in welfare state research is that Sweden exemplifies a specific model of welfare, ‘the Swedish model’, or ‘the Social democratic welfare regime’. From this perspective the emerging welfare state left little room for private initiatives – the stage was set for the development of an encompassing welfare state in the 1950s. In this article I argue that this, virtually hegemonic, perspective has hindered an analysis of how private insurance co-existed and thrived within the emerging Swedish welfare state. As an alternative approach to ‘modelling’ – the concept of welfare-formation is developed to analyse mutually sustaining practices of welfare. I show how the insurance business and its protagonists influenced the settings of public pension schemes in a way that underpinned their own interests. A close cooperation with the state apparatus was fundamental for creating a trustworthy insurance market and legitimizing the business claim of fulfilling a social mission. The business adaptability in the shifting landscape of social policy also influenced perceptions of security and welfare in general. Commercial ideals became an essential dimension of the welfare state. By exploring this marginalized history – the business of welfare – the study deepens our understanding of modern welfare societies.     

从金融风暴视角论失业保险新模式构建的制度转型

我国社会正处在转型之中,传统的失业保险模式已经不适应社会经济发展的要求,构建失业保险新模式显得十分迫切。当前的金融危机以及由此引发的严峻就业形势,为失业保险新模式构建提供了机遇。本文从制度转型着手来探析中国失业保险新模式的构建。     

试析中国农村社会养老保险发展中的政府责任

本文以政府的公共服务职能为出发点,通过分析我国农村社会养老保险发展中政府责任缺失的现状及其原因,就我国农村社会养老保险发展中的政府责任重建进行了相应对策探讨。     

The “Environment Making State” and Climate Change: The French “Cat Nat” Reinsurance Scheme Under Strain

In 2012, SCOR, one of the world's largest reinsurers, sued the French state, challenging a public–private natural disaster insurance scheme, called the “cat nat” regime. It campaigned in favour of a “real” natural disaster insurance market. The purpose of this paper is to grasp the logic of this litigation. It reveals growing tensions regarding the insurance of natural disasters, against the backdrop of climate change. To make sense of this, we will build on Christian Parenti's theory of the “environment making state”. This approach aims at understanding the interaction between capitalism, states, and nature. The question we will pose is: what happens to “environment making” institutions in times of crisis? Crisis leads to the “politicisation” of “environment making”: decisions concerning the management of natural hazards are increasingly taken by the executive branch. This “politicisation” may represent an important evolution in the relationship between capitalism, states, and nature in the future.     

Establishing insurance markets in settler economies. a comparison of Australian and South Africa insurance markets, 1820-1910

ABSTRACT

How did insurance markets in the settler economies of Australia and South Africa develop? This paper investigates the establishment of the local insurance industries in two settler economies in the wake of the absence of comparative studies in the emergence of insurance markets in the periphery. The paper compares conditions in these settler economies and notes the innovative role of local entrepreneurs. British insurance companies extended operations into the British colonies, but local interests emerged to challenge their dominance. Innovations in organisational form, product offerings and distribution channels afforded local entrepreneurs a competitive advantage in the life market. Collusion in the fire market restricted innovative practices and retained foreign control. This article explains the agency of local entrepreneurs in the emergence of insurance markets in two settler societies at the end of the nineteenth century. This historical development path has notable implications for the current development of insurance markets in Africa.     

从事业单位改革视角看养老保障模式创新的制度取向

养老保障制度是社会保障制度的重要组成部分。根据国家事业单位的改革要求,必须实现传统的养老保障制度到现代养老保障制度的转型。在这一转型时期里,要求实现养老保障制度的创新。即实行社会统筹与个人账户相结合的办法,建立科学的养老金增长机制,建立企业年金制度和个人养老储蓄计划。