《阅微草堂笔记》中的杀生故事

《阅微草堂笔记》中有十余则笔记和杀生有关,从这些笔记中可看出纪昀对屠宰耕牛持坚决反对态度。对其他动物,则既不反对杀生,又反对过度杀生。纪昀形成这种观点既是受到佛教思想的影响,更是受到儒家思想的影响。他创作这些笔记的目的是用因果报应的方式劝戒人心,以弥补法律实施上所存在的不足,维护封建伦理道德,但其中也包含着劝善惩恶的朴素思想。     

Buddhist Manifestations of Patriotism during the Korean War

A great deal of research on the Korean War has focused on the military, politics, economy and international affairs, and far less on the religious, particularly the Buddhist, perspective. The Korean War exerted a tremendous impact on institutional Buddhism, and consequently Buddhists were heavily involved. This paper examines the history of Chinese Buddhist participation in the ＂Resisting America and Assisting Korea Campaign＂ from Buddhist perspectives such as political propaganda, material donations especially the donation of the ＂Chinese Buddhist Airplane,＂ and the enlistment of young monks into the People＇s Volunteer Army （the PVA）. The paper will then look into social and political factors involved in Buddhist leaders＇ reinterpretation of Buddhist doctrines to justify participation in the campaign, as a response to the surge of patriotism in Chinese society. This kind of investigation may shed light on the relationship between institutional Buddhism and politics in the new socialist society of China after 1949.     

文物库房的虫害治理

仓库害虫是有机质地物的大致,做好害虫防治工作对于有机质地物保护具有重要的意义。本针对物库房中虫害隐患的现状,分析了隐患产生的原因,提出了预防虫害的措施,并对物保护领域常用的数种杀虫方法作了介绍。     

是日本“勇士”,还是杀人恶魔?——对南京大屠杀期间日本报刊报道日军“杀人比赛”的剖析

在1937年11月到12月侵华日军进攻中国首都南京与进行惨绝人寰的大屠杀期间,日军主力第16师团两名法西斯青年军官向井明敏与野田毅对中国战俘与平民进行骇人听闻的所谓"百人斩"杀人比赛。日本《东京日日新闻》等报刊对这两名法西斯分子的疯狂行径,在短短十余天时间中,竟连续四次进行跟踪报道,把这两个杀人恶魔吹捧为"日本勇士",产生了极其恶劣的影响。这个事例典型地说明了战时日本新闻传媒记者中的绝大多数人具备了日本军国主义者的一切思想特征与行为特征,是日本当局对中国实施武力征复与屠杀恐怖政策的宣传鼓动者。他们的战场报道宣扬日本的"侵略有理"与"屠杀有功",充满了法西斯的野蛮、霸道与无耻。     

Black man's Burden: some South African parallels with North America

ABSTRACT

Muthi, intelezi and associated rituals have played an important role in the lives of Africans for many centuries. For almost everything they do, muthi and rituals are applied, more so during times of war. Controversy around the use of intelezi, muthi, ritual killing and the role of izinyanga in, prior to and during the colonial period, is well documented. This paper, first, challenges the Comaroffian analysis of the subject which purports to contextualise the ‘deployment, real or imagined, of magical means for material ends’. They add that the discourse is entirely about ‘modernity’ and ‘neoliberalism’. Here I fundamentally disagree with this explanation; I indicate that it is a cultural continuity. The paper contends that ritual killing and muthi use continues into the present and was prevalent during the political violence in KwaZulu-Natal during the 1980s and 1990s. Secondly, the paper will discuss the centrality of the use of muthi during the violence. I reason that izinyanga played a clandestine but powerful role in this violence. In this, they were at the core of the violence and of the rise of warlords to power in the region. In this paper, I will also present reasons (or offer recommendations) why historians should pay attention to these practices in the recent past, as well as in colonial times. For one thing, they are a means of understanding the present. However, in many ways, because of its reliance on oral histories and insider content, this paper is neither history nor ethnography, but could be described as historical ethnography.     

抗日战争时期中国佛教界抗敌思想研究

抗日战争不仅仅是中国人民反抗日本军阀侵略的战争,它还是一场中日两国全面敌对的战争,中日各阶层民众都深陷其中,两国佛教人士也不例外。战争伊始,佛界爱国人士就对日本侵华原因进行了分析,并揭破其侵华理论。为解除教内人士的顾虑,他们还引证佛经,说明杀敌护国并不违背佛教戒律。对于战时日本佛教界为虎作伥、助纣为虐的行为,他们还进行了抨击。较之同期国、共两党的抗日理论,佛界爱国人士的抗敌思想虽在经济、军事等方面存在明显的不足,但其意义仍是积极而深远的。     

试论宋代对野生动物的捕杀

宋代由于社会商品经济的发展,城市人口的增多,商业市场的活跃,人们生活水平有所提高,对野生动物的食用、药用、器用价值的追求热情日盛,使得野生动物经济价值凸显,这是导致野生动物被捕杀的根本原因,由此对当时和后世生态环境产生了深远影响。     

A mindful shift: an opportunity for mindfulness-driven tourism in a post-pandemic world

Abstract

Many see the COVID-19 pandemic as a turning point for tourism, a chance to reflect on the pressing environmental and socio-economic concerns of the industry, and an opportunity to pinpoint a more desirable direction. However, for tourism to revive as a less impactful and more meaningful industry, more mindful consumers are needed to take factual benefits from the gravity of the current situation. Mindfulness as a practice of bringing a certain quality of attention to moment-by-moment experiences has become an important asset for individuals to cope with the problems of modern life. It is even seen as a significant driver of lifestyle change in Western societies, resulting in an increasing number of more conscious consumers and mindfulness-driven products and services. The COVID-19 pandemic is a wake-up call and opportunity for the tourism industry to embrace the mindfulness movement, trusting in its capacity to reflect on the current problems and to pave a new way forward towards more compassionate and meaningful tourism for both hosts and guests.